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Summaries of The Love Song of J. Alfred Profrock
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Summaries of The Love Song of J. Alfred Profrock
The poem is principally a scrutiny of the tormented psyche of the ideal contemporary man neurotic, overeducated, emotionally stilted, and eloquent. Prufrock, the poem’s narrator, appears to be speaking to a possible lover, whom he would love to compel the instance to its crisis by in some way consummating their bond. However, Prufrock discerns too much in regard to life to challenge an approach to the lady. In his psyche, he hears the remarks others make in relation to his shortfalls, and he reprimands himself for imagining sentimental interaction would be possible in any way. The poem progresses from a succession of fairly tangible, for Eliot, physical background, a cityscape, the illustrious patient etherized on a table, and a number of interiors. These interiors include ladies’ limbs in the lamplight, fireplaces, coffee spoons, to a progression of vague oceanic images that convey Prufrock’s sentimental detachment from the world, as familiarizes himself with his mediocre status. Prufrock is influential for its assortment of intellectual orientation and also for the clarity of character attained (Maxwell 25).
According to Abrams (4), the poem assumes several forms in that Prufrock is a deviation on the theatrical monologue, a poem brand in style with Eliot’s predecessors. Theatrical monologues are comparable to soliloquies in drama. Three things characterize the theatrical monologue. Primarily, they are the remarks of a specific character, not the lyricist, at an instance in time. The monologue is particularly directed at listeners or a listener whose attendance is not expressly referenced but is simply suggested in the words of the speaker. The primary focal point is the revelation and development of the character of the speaker. Eliot modernizes the structure by eliminating the oblique addressees and focusing on the isolation and interiority of Prufrock. This poem’s epigraph depicts Prufrock’s model listener as one who is lost, just like the narrator, and will by no means, betray to humanity the content of Prufrock’s current confessions. In the world that is described by Prufrock, although, no such compassionate personality exists, and he should, therefore, be contented with quiet reflection. In its spotlight on character and its theatrical sensibility, Prufrock expects Eliot’s later, theatrical works.
According to Knapp (30), the poem commences with a sense of sarcasm in its heading. The author observes that the rationale of calling this poem a Love Song is founded in the satire that it would by no means be sung, that Prufrock would on no account dare to express his feelings. Whereas another satirical contemplation is that, Prufrock sings to himself. The title’s sarcasm is highlighted by the epigram derived from the poem; Dante’s Inferno, which heads the initial lines in the poem. Another illustration of sarcasm comes afterward in the poem, when Prufrock demonstrates his apprehension of death. This passage merges the drama of terror with Eliot’s humorist portrayal of death as the perpetual Footman who holds Prufrock’s coat and scoffs. At the conclusion of the poem, Prufrock mourns his ageing, and he paradoxically becomes anxious with superficial features of old age. Eliot elucidates throughout his love story a number of things that are evident in relation to British culture. In the initial verse, it is straightforward to notice the varied and nuanced way of British society. His portrayal of the commencement of the evening demonstrates that, in Britain, there are noticeable disparities in the lifestyle of the diverse classes.
According to Burton (87), the poem’s imagery is powerful beginning from the first line whereby the evening spread is unavoidably taken up by darkness, as old age ought to surrender to death. Nevertheless, the evening is figuratively transformed into a drugged patient on a table and unable of any activity as if set for figurative surgery. Metaphors that denote old age and immobility saturate the poem. For illustration, he employs the images of an inactive cat to denote the twilight of the year, the rite of tea and toast in addition to old women chatting of Michelangelo to denote the actions of the aged, in addition to, the melody from a room beyond, to indicate Prufrock’s detachment from contemporary culture.
DISCUSSION
The four summaries assist the reader in understanding the rhyme design of the poem which is asymmetrical but not arbitrary. Whereas fragments of the poem may bear a resemblance to free verse, in realism, Prufrock is a cautiously structured permutation of poetic structures. The snippets of rhyme become increasingly evident when the poem is loudly read. One of the most outstanding formal uniqueness of this work is the utilization of refrains, such as, Prufrock’s repeated return to the ladies who come and go, speaking about Michelangelo as well as his recurring questionings. These refer to an earlier lyrical tradition and assist Eliot in describing the consciousness of a contemporary, neurotic person. Prufrock’s possessiveness is aesthetic, although it is also a sign of isolation and compulsiveness. Another significant formal characteristic is the utilization of pieces of sonnet form, mainly at the poem’s ending. The are three three-lined stanzas that are rhymed as the end of a Petrarchan sonnet might be, but their anti-romantic content, pessimistic, in addition to the desolate interjection, generates a contrast that remarks bitterly on the desolation of modernity.
Works Cited
Abrams, M.H. The Norton Anthology of English Literature, Vol. 2. Atlanta: W Norton & Co Inc. 1999. Print.
Burton, R. T.S. Eliot. New York: Frederick Ungar. 2002. Print.
Knapp, J. Eliot’s Prufrock & the Structure of Contemporary Poetry. New York: Oxford U.P.
Print.
Maxwell, D. T.S. Eliot’s Poetry. London: Routledge. 2000. Print.
critique of The Impact of Nurse Rounding on Patient Satisfaction in a Medical-Surgical Hospital Unit
Introduction
In this paper, we present a critique of the work of Blackley, Kroth and Gregson (2011) titled “The Impact of Nurse Rounding on Patient Satisfaction in a Medical-Surgical Hospital Unit.” This specific study was led by a chief nursing officer (James Gregson, EdD, a professor of Adult, Career, and Technology Education at University of Idaho) as well as a patient advocate of West Valley Medical Center, a community hospital. The aim of the study was to determine the exact impact of nursing rounding on patients in the hospital’s medical-surgical unit. The analysis is carried out with due reference to the relevant nursing theories. The paper has an appropriate thesis statement at the introduction chapter. The authors clearly stated the aim and objectives of the paper.
Background of study:
Problem (why this issued is being studied)
Nursing rounding is an issue that is being studied because patient satisfaction has over the last couple of years become a high priority for most healthcare facilities that face increased pressure to maintain top clinical care, high quality service as well as excellent financial visibility (Ellison, & Feghali, 2008).
Significance to nursing
The significance of the concept of nursing rounding to nursing is its ability to improve the perceived level of patient satisfaction with nursing services. According to Deitrick et al (2012) systematic approach to nursing rounding can help in approving patient’s experience of care while also building trust that ensures that nursing care is reliable and safe. Pressure is therefore alleviated on the nurses.
Purpose
The purpose of Blackley, Kroth and Gregson (2011)’s study was to effectively determine if nurse and patient satisfaction is in any way influenced by intentional nurse rounding that is carried out every two hours on a hospital’s medical-surgical unit in a rather small community hospital setting.
Objectives: research question and/or hypothesis
The objectives of the study were numerous. They included the following.
To determine the impact of intentional, regular, as well as consistent nurse rounding on a patient’s satisfaction with his/her hospital experience
To determine the impact of nursing rounding on the patient care from the nursing staff’s perspective
To determine the extent to which nurses experience less call light usage if they perform regular rounding on patients
To determine the extent to which nurses find the rounding process helpful in their professional practice
To determine if patients report a more positive hospital experience if nurses perform nursing rounds regularly
To determine the extent to which patients report more effective pain management if nurses round regularly?
To determine the effects of nurse rounding on medication administration
To determine the extent to which patients report their nurse demonstrated care and concern during their hospitalization if their nurse rounded regularly
Concepts, phenomena
The main concept or phenomena in this study was nursing rounding. Rounding is noted by Tea et al., (2008) to be a process that involves the proactive meeting of most if not all of a patient’s needs by means of routine visits to their rooms by a nurse to check on certain specific items as well as perform certain basic self-care tasks on a rather regular and consistent fashion. Nurse rounding presents the nurses with an opportunity for nurses to involve patients in their daily care as well as show concern and care for the patient’s healing and well-being.
Methods of study:
The case study method was used as the research design, framework, and methodology. According to Cresswell (2007), case study method is usually use din health science and medical research and is basically based on the post-positivist approach with an emphasis on meticulous multiple data collection techniques. For this study, case study method was chosen since it allowed the researcher an opportunity to explore abounded system (in this case, nursing staff and patients on a medical-surgical unit). The researcher performed an in-depth data collection from multiple sources of information (survey reports, interviews, observations, and questionnaires) and then a final generation of a case-based descriptive report. The project employed an action research project procedure. This means that it involved a systematic investigation that was aimed at enabling the researcher to find credible solutions to common everyday problems (Stringer, 2007). The study participants were inpatients who had been in the hospital for the last six months and members of the hospital’s medical-surgical staff.
Results of study:
What did they find?
The study found that after the introduction of the 4 P rounding program, the patients experienced an increased level of satisfaction with the nursing care that was being provided. They described the staff as considerate, kind, and compassionate. The 4 P rounding program resulted in better communication among the nurses, encouraged teamwork and improved quality of healthcare.
Implications to nursing
As noted earlier, the significance of the concept of nursing rounding to nursing is its ability to improve the perceived level of patient satisfaction with nursing services .A systematic approach to nursing rounding can help in approving patient’s experience of care while also building trust that ensures that nursing care is reliable and safe. The process can also improve communication among the nurses, encouraged teamwork, and improved quality of healthcare.
Explain how the findings contribute to nursing knowledge/science. Would it impact practice, education, administration, or all areas of nursing?
The findings would significantly improve existing evidence-based practice in nursing care by providing nurses with a sure method of improving patient’s level of satisfaction with nursing care. It would also add significant information on existing scholarship on patient satisfaction.
Ethical Considerations
The study was fully approved by the University of Idaho Institutional Review Board. Additionally, West Valley Medical Center’s administration reviewed as well as approved the study. Patient privacy was protected. The ethical considerations were was all taken care of as evidenced by the two approvals.
Conclusion
This study helps us in realizing the importance of nurse rounding and how it contributed to better quality of care in community hospital settings. The main challenge however, lies in ways of implementing nursing rounding program such as the 4 P rounding program at medical-surgical unit of West Valley Medical Center.
References
Creswell, J.W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Blakely,D.,Kroth,M.,Gregson,J.(2011)The impact of nurse rounding on patient satisfaction in a medical‐surgical hospital unit.MEDSURGNursing,20,327‐332
Deitrick, L., Paxton, H. & Swavely, D. (2012). Hourly rounding: Challenges with implementation of an evidence-based process.Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 27 (1), 13-19.
Stringer, E.T. (2007). Action research(3rd ed.)Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Tea, C., Ellison, M., & Feghali, F. (2008).Proactive patient rounding to increase customer service and satisfaction on an orthopaedic unit. Orthopedic Nursing,27(4), 233-240
Story explication of Jack Londons, To build a fire
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Story explication of Jack London’s, “To build a fire”.
Jack London’s, “To build a fire” is a story about a traveler who sets to travel through the harsh Yukon trail. In his attempt to search for logs in the area, the man splits from the rest of his group despite warnings from the local natives. During his journey, he realizes that the weather conditions in the area are not ideal in that the temperature is 75 degrees below the normal temperature. This places him in a tough situation in that he has to successfully build a fire or succumb to the force that is nature (London, p.1- 240).
The purpose of this paper is to provide a story explication of Jack London’s, “To build a fire”. The paper generates a theme which is reflective of the tools that are observed in the story as whole. The paper finally offers a concluding paragraph summarizing its contents.
Theme of the story
The main theme of the story is based on survival. Human beings endure an enormous amount of challenges that pose as risks to their lives. They are thus forced to learn how to survive on a daily basis. The fact that the man is trapped in frozen wilderness alone makes him vulnerable to the weather conditions. The story focuses on the several attempts he makes to defy the odds so that he can leave the area alive.
Why did the author choose to write the story?
The author chose to write the story so as to explain the level of arrogance that humans tend to have. As stated earlier, the man refused to listen to the advice of his fellow travelers. The conditions in the Yukon are unsustainable for human life in that no individual should travel alone in this weather conditions. London educates readers on the repercussions of tempting fate due to the perception that man is in control of nature.
What message is he trying to tell the reader?
The message the author tires to tell me as a reader is that one should listen to the advice and opinion of other people. No man is an island; this simply means that human beings cannot depend on themselves if they are set on achieving any form of success.
Relationship of the theme and the tools used
Use of tone
The tone of the story is tragic. This is brought about by condition the man finds himself. He is trapped in a cold wilderness with no one to help him but his dog. The only way that he can survive is by building a fire. The weather conditions halt an attempt to build a fire which is his only hope for survival. The story reaches a new low when the man succumbs to the conditions of the Yukon. This proves to be tragic in that the all this happens in the presence of his dog.
Characters
The characters in the story are the man and his dog. The man is the main character in that the story is centered on his character. This is essential to the theme in that the story is based on survival. The fact that the man is alone in the Yukon makes him fight for his life due to the high possibility of death.
Point of view
The story has a remarkably strong message to readers. This is essential in that it enables the reader to gauge their own point of view. My opinion of the story is reflective of the theme that the writer brings out. According to Charles Darwin, when human beings are placed in a certain environment, they are tasked with the responsibility of adapting to the conditions of the environment. If the man was to get out of the wilderness alive, he had to adapt to the condition by building a fire. This in turn would increase his chance of survival in that his only option was to survive or die.
Diction
One of the main elements of the story is brought out through the use of imagery. This style emphasizes the key points that the writer intends to display. The language used suits the situation of the story. Due to the nature of the sad events that occur in the story, the writer uses low tones in the description of certain situations. This places emphasis on the situation at hand making the tone reflect on the theme. The language used is not as complicated which makes the book an easy read for any reader (London, p.1- 240).
In conclusion, Jack London’s to build a fire is one of America’s literature classics. The writer’s main intention is to emphasize on the relationship between human beings and nature. The fact that the man defied the warning of the natives gave him few choices on how to approach the matter. He eventually had to face the repercussions of his arrogance due to the fact that he succumbs to the harsh weather. Readers should thus use the book as an educating tool in that it has a strong message that is essential for the ultimate survival in society.
Works Cited
London, Jack. To Build a Fire and Other Stories. Stillwell, KS: Digireads.com, 2008. Print.