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Twentieth Century Design
Twentieth Century Design
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Date:Introduction to design
Q1: Industrial revolution is intertwined with industrial production in series along with mass production of daily consumables furniture made in large quantities. This was followed by new distribution techniques and advertising which increased the turnovers. The revolution took place in early 1800s to 1850s in Europe and America. Industrialization catalyzed the design profession due to demand for social engagement, skilled crafts and taste preferences among the general population. The designer came in to rid of poor quality and cheap industrial products for better and quality skilled craft production.
Q2: Series and mass production meant that items were produced in a logical manner and steps. The object of production was transformed through procedures, machines and methods in large quantities. Other factors like removal of customs and tariffs allowed for international trade.
Q3: “Form follows function” is regarded as the social and moral aspect of production that brings in the element of design aesthetics. Early theorists on functionalism and modernism regarded form as precedent of function. It later included ornamentation, standards, geometry language and simplicity for the goods to be of good quality and durability. Design was later treated not only as simplification of form but also improving on its quality, usability and fair pricing.
Q4: The focal points of a designer were given as a) object analysis and presentation which addresses perspective, geometry and proportion; b) technical aspect involved learning on the design physics, construction, quality standards, serialization and material science; c) ergonomics was involved in industrial design focusing in human relationship with its environment; d) design education brought about the issue of fair, safety and healthful working conditions; and e) education curriculum concentrates mainly on product planning, legal, economic, organizational and market oriented issues pertaining product marketing and development. It also involved design management, advertising, patents and competitive advantage.
Q5: The practical and technical function informed the 20th century production due to requirements on technical and functional dimensions. The aesthetic function had much to do with styling of product so as to place marketability on the product on the foreground so that it becomes attractive. The symbolic aspect predominant in German designs placed greater emphasis on workplace ergonomics and the practical suitability of the product.
Q5a): The first impression depicts a symbol of a palm stretched under a light to create a shadow. The various shades symbolize skin color of humans with leaves symbolizing co-existence of such diversity. The second picture is that of a Chinese shoe depicting an aesthetic function seen in it fancy and decorative style. The third picture is a record player portraying function and the technical aspect of design. The upper part has a lid that covers the rotating part of the player.
Q5b): Milton Glaser is an American graphics designer with a distinction of having one-man shows at Georges Pompidou center and Museum of modern Art. He has an award of Cooper Hewitt National design and also a Fulbright scholar. He articulates the ethical practice of design.
Dieter Rams is a German designer famous for his ten principles of good design. He pointed out that true design elevate human life higher but not only in dressing things up. He coned “less but better.” He founded the record player in 1956.
Guo Pei is a Chinese fashion designer, who has originated several dresses which has elevated her to international haute-couture scale. She pioneered Tianma clothing company producing thousands of garments.
a) Milton Glaser “ We are all African” 2008
b) Guo Pei: red shoes Homage to wizard of Oz shoes, 2011
Dieter Rams: SK4 record player, 1956
References
Hauffe, T. (1998). Introduction to design: A concise History. London: Lawrence King, pp 8-19.
Twelve Angry Men (Movie Review)
Twelve Angry Men (Movie Review)
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Description of the events
Descriptively, the movie oscillates around the actions and activities of 12 jurors out to expose the twists, intrigues and real life situations as well as the complex issues that underlie a trial. Suggestively, the director’s motive was to expose the subjectivism, functionalism and case determination complexities in the judicial system. The plot of the movie is built on the highly demanding case in which the jurors are required to determine a case in which a teenager is alleged to have stabbed his father to death. In the case, the jurors’ discussion and debate aimed at unlocking the legal hurdles in the case is marred by clash of personalities, prejudice and open show of indifferences in socio-cultural backgrounds. The movie is marked by unpredictable change of positions and stand by the jurors. The jurors’ debate revolves around determination of the case based on the account of the witnesses, defendants and the lawyers. After long intrigues, the jurors changed the initial stand and adjudged the accused not guilty.
Moral /social message
Strenuous family life and family conflicts is the major social message that the director intended to pass. As shown by the accused action, the movie shows that family conflicts can be fatal if not effectively addressed. The moral lesson here is that the parents should strive to raise their children well and encourage positive relationships with them. Coincidentally, Juror 3 also had similar family problems that haunted him to the board room.
Another moral issue relates to the determination of cases in a court of law. The jurors who initially voted 11-1 in favor of the conviction started shifting positions and alliances based on personal interests and influence by persuasive colleagues. Normally, the jurors should be very objective and independent. As such, the director hints that certain convicts may be wrongly suffering in jails while at the same time, the faults and laxities in the judicial system makes some criminals be freed wrongfully.
Racism is also exposed by the director. The movie seeks to expose how racism has crept into the judiciary where the victims of the same ought to get legal redress. As a lesson, it is imperative that jurors who are racist and apply their personal beliefs in their duties, like Juror 10, should be sacked or subjected to a trial.
Main characters.
In the movie, Lee Cobb (3) stands out as one of the leading characters. In his submissions, the character depicts a biased attitude and high level of intolerance. He vehemently opposed attempts by Fonda (8) to extend the debate beyond the conventional trial. He aspires to be listened to while in his case, he is too rigid and quick in judging others. Similarly, juror 8 is shown as very liberal and not driven need to pass the judgment on flimsy grounds. He is thus very independent minded , keen to details and logical and accommodative. He is naturally a leader who outperforms the rather cool and easily angered team leader, (Balsam, 1).
Marshall on the other hand is depicted as an intelligent juror who has a good taste for fashion. He also represents the wealthy in the society as he deals in stocks and makes a lot of money. Based on his rationality he advocates for deployment of deductive reasoning in determination of the case. Jack Klugman as a leading character and protagonist in the case depicts those who cling to the traditions. He is very reserved and finds it hard to betray his past, that is growing in the slums. He therefore strives not to vote objectively but to base his vote on his past so as to avoid the possible guilt or conscience betrayal. His characters thus differ from the high submissive juror 2 (Fiedler), Sweeney (9), and Warden (7). Warden even appears to value his love for baseball to the conclusion of the case. Begley (10) is openly racist and does not fear showing this. He is very inhuman and bitter. This differs from Voskovec (11), who is very accommodative and strives to follow the American law despite being an immigrant.
TV Ads. The advert is called Give Me a Break
TV Ads
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TV Ads
Question 1
The advert is called Give Me a Break. It features Barrack Obama as the best choice for American presidency. It has a picture of the Obama, Bill Clinton and the cheering crowd. It is so good because it has an audible sound at the background.
Question 2
Its title is called The Cheaters. It gives a positive presentation of Mitt Romney as the most suitable candidate with a proven track record. It has a photo of Mitt and periodical sub title explanations on the main message. He accounts for the contributions he has made as an international investor. Though he eloquently presents himself, he does not appeal to me.
Question 3
Personally, the advertisement called Give Me a Break to The Cheats sounds more attractive than others. The message delivered by the speakers is clear, brief and to the point. The way in which the President Obama and Bill Clinton defend their credentials is familiar to all those who understand the problems affecting both the middle and lower classes in the USA. When asked about Romney, he asserts, ‘Give me a break!’ meaning, he has nothing good to offer the ordinary American citizens. The use of celebrity to market the candidate makes the advert more appealing as compared to the Romney’s.
Although Mitt Romney claims to have good past, it is clear that he has nothing to offer. I do not like the way he portrays himself as a savior while regarding his competitor as a cheat. Moreover, the foreign policies and the claimed relations with China do not seem effective. Being a Democrat, it is difficult to believe in his promises. Mitt Romney cannot extend his services to the Democrats. His Republican ideologies are obsolete and not applicable in America today.