Recent orders
Crisis management is the implementation of programs that will help in reducing risks and
Role of leadership in the management of disasters and emergencies
Name
Institution
Introduction
Crisis management is the implementation of programs that will help in reducing risks and preventing vulnerability, to improve an organization’s coordination of risks (Karaca et al., 2012). However, the implementation requires leadership to coordinate the activities that help in the prevention of the crisis. Therefore, the two aspects are intertwined in that a leader’s role in responding to a disaster that occurred and made it their responsibility to prevent further such crises from occurring. This requirement makes organizations have leadership departments to cater to crises and disasters, which helps to improve the operations of the organization as they are prepared to handle any risks that occur. Therefore, leadership in the management of disasters and emergencies is essential as it guides an organization on the activities to undertake to reduce the effect of the risk.
Research Objective
To determine the role of leadership in emergency management in an organization.
To identify essential skills and competencies that are important in realizing the goals to manage expected and unexpected disasters.
Literature Review
Handling Routine emergencies in severe events
Crisis management consists of activities that must be conducted in a sequence to achieve the expected results. These activities include prevention measures, mitigation, making the decision, and implementation of the decision made (Demiroz & Kapucu, 2012). Pre-disaster control requires funds that must be provided by an organization. The control measures are put as a routine activity to ensure any risks are prevented and controlled for better operations. Leaders are also considered to have an ideal influence, which makes it easy to control situations in times of crisis. These activities include the allocation of roles, through which the overall object of mitigating and preventing risks is achieved.
However, for leadership to be effective in controlling and preventing disasters, specific skills and competencies are required. These skills entail persuasion rather than directive leadership, communication proficiencies, and continuous engagement of members in the operations of the organization (Trainor & Velotti, 2013). This act makes the involved personnel get used to the operations, making it easy to implement actions at a faster rate. The leadership styles that a leader engages with the subordinates allows them to engage in the solution process to find the best ideas in managing the disasters.
Competencies, Essential Skills, and MetacompetenciesLeaders need to establish clarity of purpose and have the ability to communicate to both the internal and external personnel to effectively handle emergencies (Geras et al., 2010). Thinking and decision making are also essential skills in leadership. In the process of crisis management, decision making is a step that needs to be followed. To develop the best decisions, thinking is essential hence useful in developing the best choices to manage disasters. Also, Schoemaker identifies the ability to anticipate, challenge, interpret, decide, align and learn to be among the essential skills that enable a leader to think and navigate effectively (Schoemaker et al., 2013). These abilities allow a leader to be flexible and persistent, especially when the crises have already occurred.
Conclusion
From the literature reviewed, leadership is an essential factor in the management of crises. Besides, the leaders require specific skills and competencies such as critical thinking and decision-making skills as well as the ability to interpret and challenge situations to find solutions. The role of leaders is to make decisions, coordinate the functional areas, provide directions to subordinated, and manage the team to achieve the goal of preventing and managing the risk. Leadership comes first in the achievement criteria n crisis management (Fener & Cevik, 2015). The people involved need to work together to establish a longterm solution to crises that occur in an organization, and this is enabled by the leadership skills of a person.
References
Demiroz, F., & Kapucu, N. (2012). The role of leadership in managing emergencies and disasters. European Journal of Economic & Political Studies, 5(1), 91-101.
Fener, T., & Cevik, T. (2015). Leadership in Crisis Management: Separation of Leadership and Executive Concepts. Procedia Economics And Finance, 26, 695-701.
Gerras, S. J., Clark, M., Allen, C., Keegan, T., Meinhart, R., Wong, L., … & Reed, G. (2010). Strategic leadership primer. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks PA.
Karaca, H., Kapucu, N., & Van Wart, M. (2012). Examining the Role of Transformational Leadership in Emergency Management: The Case of FEMA. Risk, Hazards & Crisis In Public Policy, 3(3), 19-37.
Schoemaker, P. J., Krupp, S., & Howland, S. (2013). Strategic leadership: The essential skills. Harvard Business Review, 91(1), 131-134.
Trainor, J. E., & Velotti, L. (2013). Leadership in crises, disasters, and catastrophes. Journal of Leadership Studies, 7(3), 38-40.
The Personality Traits that Are Important Sources of Criminality
The Personality Traits that Are Important Sources of Criminality
Student’s name
Institutional affiliation
Introduction
A criminal activity takes place when there is a means, motive, and opportunity. Criminal personality is the notion that criminals tend to have personality traits that are specific and predictable. Eysenck theorized that criminals tend to exhibit specific behavior patterns, have a genetic basis for the traits and that the formation of their conscience might be faulty. This essay discusses the personality traits of low self-control, psychopathy, and difficult temperament as important sources of criminality.
Low Self-Control
Research suggests that low self-control is directly associated with criminal involvement. According to empirical evidence, low self-control is linked with delinquency involvement, antisocial behavior, and violence. People that have low self-control tend to be more self-centered, irresponsible, impulsive, prone to risky behavior, and exhibit volatile temperaments. Studies have found that among institutionalized delinquents, parolees, and jail inmates. Low self-control is a classic predictor of maladaptive behavior such as theft, abuse, robbery, property offending, among others. According to research, low self-control raises the likelihood of a person engaging in criminal behavior when presented with a viable opportunity. Furthermore, more studies agree that people that have low self-control are more likely to take part in a wider range of criminal activities such as associating with gangs, computer-related crimes, and antisocial behavior (Eysenck, 2017). Such individuals tend to be less bothered with the long-term consequences of their actions and are more likely to partake in activities that grant them instant gratification, such as fraud-related activities and shoplifting.
Psychopathy
Psychopathy is another personality trait that has been linked with criminality. It is a clinical construct linked with behavioral and emotional disturbance, which are deemed significant risk factors for antisocial behavior, sexual recidivism, criminal recidivism, and instrumental violence. According to Hare’s psychopathy Checklist, people with a high psychopathy measure are more likely to be irresponsible, short-tempered, callous, egocentric, violate social harm frequently, display superficial charm, and lack the ability to show empathy (Tharshini, Ibrahim, Kamaluddin, Rathakrishnan, & Che Mohd Nasir, 2021). Additionally, people with psychopathic personality traits tend to be impulsive, manipulative, have low self-regulation, and are unable to feel guilt or remorse. Evidence points out that there are major differences between the crimes carried out by psychopathic males and females. Compared to their male counterparts, female psychopaths are less aggressive and rarely repeat their criminal behavior.
Difficult Temperament
Criminals also tend to have a difficult temperament. A person’s temperament is defined as their individual characteristic that entails a habitual emotional response to specific stimulus. A person’s temperament is a reflection of the baseline differences in the nervous system that involves components like variance in activity level, mood, and emotionality, self-regulation and withdrawal behaviors. Evidence points out that people with difficult temperaments encounter anxiety disorders, mood disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, major depression disorders, and drug abuse. Furthermore, temperamental deficits tend to contribute to violence/crime among adolescents.
Conclusion
In closing, criminal behavior has been linked with personality traits of psychopathy, self-control and difficult temperament. While there are many factors that inform criminal behavior, these three traits tend to be significant driving factors. These personality traits have a role in escalating the risk of criminal behavior involvement. Worth noting, not all people that these personality traits tend to be at high risk of becoming offenders. Moving forward, practitioners and stakeholders need to collaborate with the criminal justice system in identifying potential offenders early enough and give them treatment as a preventative measure to curb crime rates.
References
Eysenck, H. J. (2017). Personality and criminality: A dispositional analysis. Advances in criminological theory, 89-110.
Tharshini, N. K., Ibrahim, F., Kamaluddin, M. R., Rathakrishnan, B., & Che Mohd Nasir, N. (2021). The link between individual personality traits and criminality: a systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(16), 8663.
the messianic expectations that are depicted in the Gospel of Mathew have outlined the various aspects of derived holistic approach to God’s promise of establishing a new generation. The messianic expectations are also a reflection of what God promised Abraham that he would give him a new generation based on faith and grace. Through the New Testament
the Abraham’s call is fulfilled with the birth of a messiah that would affirm a strong promise that God through David’s line showed that he was working a new phase on his relationship with mankind.