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Literary Analysis: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
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Literary Analysis: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
Summary
The poem “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” by William Shakespeare is his 18th sonnet and is considered the most famous of all Shakespeare’s 154 sonnets. Its 18th sonnet’s prominence is attributed to its opening line, “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day” which has been heartily mastered by every true romantic (Shakespeare & Wallis, 1975). Therefore, sonnet 18 is basically a love poem even though its object of affection is not apparent as it may appear. Shakespeare opens his poem with a prompt addressed to the much-loved: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” The ensuing eleven lines are dedicated to such a comparison. For instance, in line two, the poet lays down what primarily differentiates the young man from the day of summer, which is evident from his assertion …” more lovely and more temperate.” Furthermore, the poet claims that the days of the summer approaches the extreme which is apparent from his claim that the “rough winds” shakes the summer’s days, and in them, the sun which is over and over again referred to as “the eye of heaven” illuminates too dim or too hot (Ruslida et al., 2019). The notion that summer is fleeting is attributed to the fact that its date is quite short, resulting in the withering of autumn, evident from the poem’s line “every fair from fair sometime declines.” Towards the final line of the poem, the poet attempts to demonstrate the variation between the beloved and the summer which is associated with everlasting beauty, that is, “Thy eternal summer shall not fade…” that shall remain alive eternally. In the line, the poet strives to elucidate the manner in which the beloved’s beauty will attain this achievement rather than perish since it is preserved by the poet, lasting forever (Shakespeare, 2016). Specifically, the poem’s line“…as long as men can breathe or eyes can see” shows that the beloved beauty will live, defying even death.
Analysis
William Shakespeare first published his sonnets in 1609, which is seven years prior to the death of Bard, and the sonnet’s extraordinary quality has kept it famous ever since (Shakespeare, 2016). The depth and domain of Shakespeare’s sonnets have created a wide gap between him and other sonneteers. Specifically, Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 provides more emphasis on the loveliness of a lover or friend, which he starts with a rhetorical query regarding comparing their subject to the day of summer. Therefore, from the different lines of sonnet 18, it is clear that Shakespeare was dedicated to praising a friend or lover, traditionally regarded as the “fair youth” (Ruslida et al., 2019). From the sonnet, there is the assurance that the beauty of this individual will be sustained. The fact that the poem’s lines will be read by future generations, even in the absence of the poet and lover portrays the silencing of death. This implies that the fair image of the poet/speaker and lover is kept alive via the power of verse (Shakespeare, 2016). This is better understood by analyzing Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 line by line. Therefore, this paper provides an in-depth literary analysis of Shakespeare’s sonnet 18, focusing on individual lines and the poetic devices that include the use of form, imagery, and figurative language employed in the poem to ensure the poem’s permanence (Shakespeare & Wallis, 1975).
Line 1
This line serves as the poem’s opening line which appears as a tease that reflects on the uncertainty of the poet as he tries to establish a comparison between his lover and a summer’s day. The first line of the poem poses a rhetorical question for both the audience and the speaker, and even the musical stance of the first line is exposed to more speculations (Shakespeare, 2016). For instance, the inherent comparison is clearly not a forthright one as there is the question of whether it is a complete iambic pentameter.
Line 2
The second line then surpasses the image portrayed in line one which represents the perfect English summer’s day, revealing that the poem’s lover/subject is lovelier and more self-restrained (Shakespeare, 2016). Lovely is frequently utilized in England with a similar meaning currently at is did when the poet wrote the poem which includes beautiful, lovely, nice, etc. On the other hand, temperate also known as self-restrained implied restrained, composed, gentle-natured, and moderate in Shakespeare’s time (Ruslida et al., 2019). Furthermore, line two uses the second-person pronoun to directly refer to the lover, that is, Thou, which is currently archaic.
Line 3-8
The advancement of the sonnet through to line eight demonstrates an emphasis on the distanced ups and downs of the weather, presented in a steady iambic rhythm (with an exception of line five) (Ruslida et al., 2019). It is, therefore, evident that England’s summertime in the context of weather is a hit-and-miss affair. Specifically, there is evidence of winds blowing, gathering of rainclouds, and without realizing, summer has come and gone in a week. Clearly, there are quite short seasons in Shakespeare’s time, similarly to the contemporary times where people lament extreme hot weather and complaint when it’s overcast (Ruslida et al., 2019). The significance of this is that summer will pass quite fast for some people, and naturally, they will grow old and their beauty will gradually fade with the season’s passing.
Lines 9-12
Throughout these lines of the poem, Shakespeare turns the argument the other way of aging. For instance, in line 9 where the poet states that “but thy eternal summer shall not fade,” providing assurance that his lover shall maintain fairness and to a great extent cheat death and gradually become immortal (Shakespeare & Wallis, 1975).
Lines 13 and 14
These two last lines bolster the poet’s notion that the poem will assure the subject/lover that they will remain young, and as such, the written word serves as the breath and essential energy that are necessary to ensure their lives continue.
Poetic Devices
Shakespeare praises his lover without flashiness and gradually builds the lover’s image into that of a perfect being. For instance, the poet strives to compare his lover to summer as evident in the first 8 lines of t the stanza, evident in the assertion that “… thou art more lovely and more temperate.” He attempts to portray his beloved to posse lovelier and self-restrained attributes unlike summer’s day (Ruslida et al., 2019). However, there is an apparent turn of facts at the start of the 9th line where the poet turns his beloved to summer, “but thy eternal summer shall not fade.” At this point, the poet’s lover is considered a metric that allows the judgment of true beauty. Proceeding to other lines in the stanza, the poet provides a comprehensive tone that explores in-depth feelings. As such, Shakespeare reacts to such beauty and joy by making sure that his lover will last forever, that’s is, evading the oblivion that follows death (Shakespeare, 2016). The simplicity of the poem’s music also serves to demonstrate the inherent subservience of summer, unlike the poet’s lover.
Shakespeare mainly employs the imagery of nature within the poem to assert his feelings about his beloved beauty. Specifically, the poet provides a description of summer that is different from the usual summer season. As seen in line 3 “…Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,” the poet attempts to portray his perception of summer climate as a blow of the spring flowers (Shakespeare, 2016). He tries to emphasize the superiority of his beloved beauty of summer, and as such, Shakespeare attempts to downgrade the positive notions of summer to ascertain how highly he regards the image of his lover. Furthermore, the use of the words “gold complexion dimmed” are utilized to describe the sun. In this case, the poet diminishes the comfort of the sun’s warmth by referring to the sun’s rays as dimmed. Consequently, Shakespeare’s description of the climate strives to influence the readers to perceive his lover to posse never-changing looks and that summer pales profoundly compared to his lover (Ruslida et al., 2019).
Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 also encompasses classic sonnet elements. Specifically, the rhyme scheme ababcdcdefefgg is evident in the stanza where it is written in 14 lines. There is a distinct rhyme between lines within the poem which is apparent in lines 1 and 3, lines 2 and 4, and the pattern goes on to the last two rhyming lines (Harrison & Burt, 2020). Additionally, the stanza is written in iambic pentameter where every line contains ten syllables, the first line being unaccented and the second line accented. Sonnet 18 further exploits the balance that exists between asymmetrical and symmetrical melody and form to establish an organic beauty. Furthermore, the fact that sonnets have been historically associated with robust themes of love, the poet also utilizes the sonnet form to emphasize his perception of his lover and their outstanding appearance (Harrison & Burt, 2020).
The poem is tied up neatly and perfectly to facilitate easy reading and understanding. The lines of the stanza are written with flawless iambic pentameter and without enjambment (Harrison & Burt, 2020). The use of jargon is limited to a level where the audience of diverse calibers can easily read and understand regardless of the use of exceptional elegance and elevated language in the poem. Furthermore, the compliance with the classical forms of sonnet portrays the poem’s dedication to creating and establishing the feeling of perfection of the poet’s beloved. This, therefore, is more compatible with the poem’s domain theme.
The use of figurative language is also evident in Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 which aids in conveying the intended message. The personification of the sun by Shakespeare referring to it as “the eye of heaven” and “his gold complexion dimmed” demonstrates the comparison of the dimmed sun’s complexion to his beloved. Therefore, assigning the sun identity of human quality is similar to degrading the commonly perceived powerful and untouchable nature of the sun (Ruslida et al., 2019). This serves as an introduction to the theme of the lasting beauty of the poet’s beloved. Another notable personification is in line 11 where Shakespeare states “Nor shall Death brag thou wander’s in his shade.” In this context, death is portrayed as a meandering figure around the poet’s ‘shade.’ Therefore, the poet’s move to compare human beings to death demonstrates that his lover surpasses the entire living creatures as well as acts of nature (Shakespeare, 2016). The poet creates a situation where he perceives his beloved as the ideal figure where other readers will also see the beloved as an ideal figure. As such, the use of figurative language in sonnet 18 renders the poet’s lover a superior being with a beauty that shines eternally and with the power to overcome death.
Finally, the poet in his sonnet 18 clearly portrays his poetic ability in eternalizing words. Evident from the line “…so long as men can breathe, or eyes can see / so long lives this, and this gives life to thee,” the poet also portrays the eternity of his poetry which is dependent on the continued existence of his poem. Besides, the poet claims that the beauty of their beloved will last for the time his poem exists (Harrison & Burt, 2020). This, therefore, shows that Shakespeare takes pride in the fact that his sonnets will be read from generation to generation. From the entire stanza until line 13 demonstrates the poet’s boundless sentiments regarding his lover, but the last two lines alter the poet’s message. For instance, the last two lines portray the fact that the poet is well informed about his poetry skills.
In conclusion, the sonnet “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” by William Shakespeare which is also referred to as sonnet 18 is the popular and well-loved sonnet of all Shakespeare’s 154 sonnets. It is evident that the poet attempts to portray the specific themes of stability of love and associated power that immortalize the subject of the verse of the poet. Therefore, the use of form, imagery and figurative language facilitates the skill conveyance of poetry messages by poets. Specifically, these poetry devices are made easily visible in the poet through the use of varying imagery, form, and figurative language that provides an in-depth insight into the nature of the poem. Furthermore, the methods of Shakespeare helps secure the eternal nature of his poem.
References
Shakespeare, W., & Wallis, B. (1975). Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?. N. Adams.
Shakespeare, W. (2016). Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?(Sonnet 18). Poets. org. April, 20.
Harrison, R. G., & Burt, S. (2020). Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Art thou more temperate?… Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines…. Weather, 75(6), 172-174.
Ruslida, V. M., Sembiring, B., & Damayanti, I. (2019, December). Figurative Language in William Shakespeare and William Wordsworth’s Poems. In UICELL Conference Proceeding (pp. 161-170).
DESOTOS THEORY ON A CAPITALIST ECONOMY
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DESOTO’S THEORY ON A CAPITALIST ECONOMY
Introduction
As a way of pursuing the reason as to why some countries remain poor while others become rich, many conceivable explanations have been offered by economists. However some factors that have, positive effects have been recognized as contributing directly to economic development. The institutional roles in the economic development process have also been emphasized recently by economists, and the most notable of these institutional structures is the well defined and secure property rights, a long identified factor that must exist for efficiency in the market functions as stated by economists. In this article there is a review of de Soto theory that is both time counterintuitive and simple on its explanation on why some global regions cannot effectively use capitalism to their advantage. His theory in summery suggests that in spite of being wealthy such regions can’t produce capital because of the lack of representational processes that would make assets productivity and visibility (De Soto 3).
The articles by Hernando de Soto or Hernando de Soto Polar, main work thesis states, that if a nation does not have an adequate and well functioning market, it then be in an adequate position to participation in its information framework, that is tasked with recording other economic information and ownership property. Unrecorded, or unreported economic activity have direct effects on the entrepreneur’s results, if they lack legal property ownership it becomes hard for them to not only expand their businesses premises but also sell and obtain their products in credit. On such cases no legal remedies can be found in courts for the business related conflicts, since they were no clear guide line of legal ownership initially. Their lack of income and information eventually prevent the government from acting and collecting tax for the public welfare.
With the existing of the generalized exclusion practices two parallel economies mainly the extra legal, and legal. It is evident that the economic benefits of the globalization and law are enjoyed by only an elite minority, while the rest of the other majority entrepreneurs remain to languish in absolute poverty, while on the other hand the elite watch as their assets increase to an approximate 10 million trillion dollars globally, that in the shadows of the law exist as dead capital. The extra legals in these cases are known to formulate their own set of rules as means of protecting their assets, survive and perform most of their business.
Responsible nations around the developing world since the falling of the Berlin Wall, have effectively worked hard to make the market economy transition that in most cases has widely often failed. This failure of the free market system has been used effectively by populist leaders to eradicate poverty and beat anti-globalization drums in the developing world. The ILD however, believes that within the developing nation’s flawed legal systems is where the enemy can be found and this makes it almost impossible for the assets and the many people to gain stakes within their individual markets. The citizens in these countries have enthusiasm, talent, and an ability that is astonishing that allows them to gain profit out of nothing practically.
In the countries that are still considered as developing, their legal systems are often accessed by a few and this leaves a poor majority unattended to, in this way the advanced nations can be viewed as their gateway for success mostly in their, economies.
For it is in these legal systems that there is standardizing and creation of property documents as authorized by the law. It is through these documentations that a public memory that permits the society to perform such important and crucial economies reviews in the countries. These Functions include gaining access and identifying data on their assets, individuals, rights, titles, obligations and charges; through the assurance, quantifying and rights and valuing of the third parties (Caicedo, Santiago, and Fabio 2).
Opportunities like access to credit, the creation of systems for credit, the establishment of systems of identification, insurance information, the mortgage of property, the issue of shares, the provision for infrastructure and housing, and a host of other economic activities that drive a modern market economy can all be easily accessed through these public memory mechanisms.
Separate testable hypotheses can be derived from the work of De Soto namely the provision of the property rights that can be secured through land tilting. It is believed that if the hypotheses of De Soto are true then there should be an expected rise in the increase of access and securing of the property rights, which would adequately relate with an increase in capital formation and credit markets. In addition, through a comprehensive land tilting system the property holding would be allowed to serve as effective grant access and loans collateral to enforce as described by the titles in the enforcement of the rights.
To make his case more viable DeSoto used the example of utilizing the government land tilling as a means of securing and achieving the property rights. To explain his example he stressed on the relevance of a legal formal or written property rights system and the need for having an informal incorporation of the extralegal or informal, sector of the currently established legal sector. To best facilitate economic growth he has argued that there is need for legal standard titles. In summery the author has a belief that informal property rights and unarticulated government codification are necessary for the realization of positive advantages that are associated with well-defining and securing of property rights that promote economic development. An example of this is seen in the research done on the Peru field that effectively helped with the detection of the housing investments that were as a result of urban tilting of the lands that surrounded Lima that had a majority of their investments being credited. This indication from the analysis showed that access to credit was not necessarily increased through the governmental land tilting. The Lima land tilting can be concluded as being related to loan approvals increase from the public sector.
Independent research on the effects of land titling in rural Peru has shown that the argument has no substantial support that land tilting by the government can be used as a basis of guaranteeing loans mainly as collateral. In addition to credit effects and investment, the mechanisms of title enforcement are of equal relevance. And since, no known public enforcement costs are found to be added with the legal titles that are on expenditures. It shows that even though land may be legally defined through land titling, it does not offer an alternative form of property enforcement. This proves that it is more beneficial for individuals if they rely on informal, private enforcement methods as compared to the initial local government’s provisions. Analysts have found explanations for this and supported the occurrence as a state that property rights enforcement is not effectively gained through the public institutions. However, can be achieved mainly through, the enforcement of property rights and the privatization mechanisms. Private enforcement mechanisms have to incorporate confidence and trust in verbal agreements, mainly between social and cultural norms, arbitration and respect as conducted by local authorities that through the elections that are held locally are often chosen.
No general consensus has emerged through these studies, on the land tilling effects. And due to the lack of any clear evidence on the established secure property rights on the government land titling, de Soto’s hypothesis on a formal system of land titling system is hard to accept. And the benefits associated with secure property rights are not necessarily led by the formal system of land tilting such as property enforcement and credit access increase. In theory, land titling as a means of ensuring property rights, raises important political economy questions since it is not applicable in practice. In future studies there could be an inclusion of incorporating the analytics of bureaucracy theory, highlighting the costs of government into the analysis, and focusing on the incentive incompatibilities between communities, tilting agencies and local citizens.
Conclusion
There are two testable theories that can be derived from the work of Hernando de Soto. First through the access provided by the property rights collaterization of assets can be used for loan securing. Through these strategic studies both economic and empirical conclusions can be derived that effectively could help support the thesis.
Government land titling can be clearly described through the second hypothesis of De Soto since they help establish leads and secure property rights that can be associated with only positive benefits. However, there are mixed results that are associated with the effects of land titling literature. The government tilting offers other suggestions on the lands that it is not necessarily the best means to achieve rights of securing property in institutions across time.
The theory of government land titling, can lead to positive benefits; in the practice, but the described advantages may not show due to the concerns surrounding public choice concerns that revolve mainly on the government agencies. In addition, to securing the initial property a broad outlook may not be the best option due to lack of information in the community level.
Work Cited
Caicedo, Santiago, and Fabio Andrés Díaz. “Too Early, Too Quickly: Impact Of Short Term
Decision In Fleet Renewal Programs.” th International Conference Of The System Dynamics Society, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. 2009.2-8.
De Soto, Jesus Huerta. Socialism, Economic Calculation and Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar,
2010.2-9
Criminal Behavior.
Ted Bundy
Student’s name:
Institutional Affiliation
Introduction.
Criminal Behavior.
Criminal behavior does not necessarily indicate mental illness, however majority of criminals engage in criminal acts because of underlying psychiatric conditions. Some of these conditions manifest themselves in symptoms such as lack of impulse control, illusions, suspicion, inability to settle and take charge of one’s emotions and feelings. It is important to understand criminal behavior because, it is the genesis of life in crime in the lives of many criminals CITATION Sud16 l 1033 (Sinha, 2016). People act the way they do because there is a particular force that guides and influences their actions and decisions. Criminal behavior can also be defined as the conduct of an offender that results in the commission of an unlawful act.
Ted Bundy’s Life.
Ted Bundy in particular is an example of an individual whose criminal behavior could be seen at an early age and further studies and analysis on his life show how it got there CITATION Sam1 l 1033 (Yochelson, 2015). He had issues from his childhood that resulted in the series of crimes he committed. Ted Bundy was born on November 24, 1946 in Burlington, Vermont he grew up to be a delightful, articulate and very intelligent young person. It is believed that Bundy’s life story could have been of profound use by giving valuable and fascinating resources for criminal and psychological studies, if only had he not been electrocution. Bundy was born out of wedlock and his mother’s family were ashamed of her unmarried status. They claimed the child was their own right from both and Ted was made to believe his mother was his older sister. At the age of thirteen Ted’s cousin proved to him that his older sister was actually his mother and the revelation did not seat so well with Bundy. He got angry with his biological mother for withholding the truth. It is believed that Bundy experienced a lot of confusion with his identity right from childhood. Absence of emotional attachment between Ted and his mother influenced his life negatively CITATION Jen171 l 1033 (Murray, 2017). He was distant and to a great extent it contributed in the development of his serial killer characteristics.
Studies indicate that the years 6/7 are paramount in the life of an individual and it is during this period that the most important figures in a child’s life is their mother as they teach their offspring what love is. When the relationship between mothers and children is cold and distant, lacking love, negligent with minimal touching and emotional warmth the child will certainly suffer from love deprivation, what is believed to have affected the life of Ted Bundy. Ted was separated from his father figure his grandfather at a time when he needed him most. Growing up he had valued and cherished his grandfather as a role model. Bundy’s grandfather was described by the local church as a very violent person who terrified his family and everyone around him and it influenced Bundy far more than he could have imagined. His grandfather was very brutal and extremely violent and tortured even the most innocent creatures; animals. Ted Bundy demonstrated serial killer tendencies at a very young age CITATION Jen15 l 1033 (Piel, 2015).He stuck butcher’s knives in his bed and demonstrated very worrying behaviors and for that reason he was separated from his family and started living with his stepfather, who was supportive and fond but Ted never felt a close connection with him.
On reaching teenage years Ted started exhibiting signs of the brutal and aggressive serial killer he would become. He confessed in interviews that he was antisocial and he could wander the streets searching for pornography material that had been thrown away or peep through open windows and he could spy on unsuspecting women through the window CITATION P l 1033 (Pollock, 2015).Ted Bundy violently stole the lives of scores of young women and he did not easily fit to any section of the criminal theory. He was a college graduate and had a promised himself to pursue a career in law or politics. Though he did not pursue it because his passion to violently assault people took over. He preyed on young and very attractive college women. He was tactical on how he executed his missions; he often wore his arm in a sling or had a fake cast on his leg or even used crutches. He faked disability and used his charm to persuade his victims to help him carry books or get objects from his car CITATION Kat l 1033 (Kruger, 2014). He was also known of impersonating authority figures such as police officers, firefighters to gain the victim’s trust before he attacked. His car was where he committed most of his crimes. Once he had lured the unsuspecting victim to his car, he would strike them over the head with a crowbar or pipe and would go ahead to immobilize them with handcuffs and get them into the vehicle. He had dismantled the passenger’s seat from his car and there was an empty space where the victims could lie out of the sight of any suspecting individual as he drove away. He committed a series of crimes. The crimes were outrageous and extra. He raped victims and murdered several. He strangled and clubbed his victims and went ahead to mutilate them after death. He took it further by gaining sexual gratification from corpse. Authorities were contacted about the behavior but they ruled it out on grounds of his upstanding character and clean-cut appearance. He had read numerous detective magazines and gained sufficient amount of knowledge and techniques on how to leave virtually no evidence that could be traced by the backward forensics techniques of the 1970s. Bundy had some serious mental health issues and it is believed to be what contributed to his crimes.
Psychology Theory.
Theories have been defined as models that help people understand certain phenomena. Psychology theories are frameworks for understanding, examining and elaborating human thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Psychological theories have been known to describe behavior as well as making predictions about future behaviors. Behaviorism which is psychology theory explains that behaviors are acquired through conditioning and they later translate to a person’s way of life. Psychological theories are of great importance and are valuable and provide guidance in teaching, enterprise and other domains. Theories offer answers to inherently, fascinating questions on a wide array of thoughts, sensations, insights teaching and problem-solving attempts. Theories take center stage in psychology because, psychology seeks to explain or deals with abstract phenomena and thoughts. There are examples of psychological theories: attachment theories and behaviorism. Attachment theory explains that early attachments affect future life, and that there are particular windows during which attachments are resistant to form and the study of such attachments. Behaviorism on the other hand explain that everything that living organisms do can be altered by the environment. Psychology theory is caused by various approaches/ perspectives that guide the research on the theories. The causes of psychological theory include biological attributes of an individual. The biological components of people in psychology are explained by bio psychologist. Who tend to expound on the nervous system, hormones and the genetic make-up and how the distinct characteristics affect a persons’ behaviors. The biological causes of psychology theory also explain the relationship between a people’s intellects, their brain and the relating organs to further elaborate on how concepts, states and behaviors are shaped CITATION Oze16 l 1033 (Ozer, D. B, & Brnet-Martinez, 2016). The biological causes of psychology theory mean that an individual is the sum of his/her parts. The choices and decisions of individuals are based on their physical make up. The other cause of psychology theory is behavioral approaches. It explains how the external environment influences a person’s behavior and that people can also be trained to act in a particular way. Behavioral causes of psychology theory is pegged to the fact that individuals learn and act based on a system of reinforcements and punishment. (Nathan et al.,2017) It emphasizes on how people don’t really care about how others think about them provided they are doing the right thing. It shows that people can be trained to act in a particular way and they end up adopting it as their way of life. Cognitive approach is another cause of psychology theory. Unlike the behavioral approach cognitive approach believes that behavior is determined by a person’s feelings and expectations (Charles et al., 2017). The approach further sheds light on the fact people function in a way that they expect will be good.
The humanistic approach suggest that people are basically good and have a unique sense of drive to become better individuals and to realize their full potential. The humanistic approach also focuses on the fact that an individual will feel good and proud of themselves only if they meet their needs and achieve their goals. It focuses mainly on the empowerment of the individual and how they are motivated to be the best they can be. Peoples’ choices and decisions emanate from trying to improve their lives. As stated in the paragraph psychological theory is as a result of different approaches which are also determined or elaborated as causes. Some of the causes can be treated when they result in negative influence. By understanding the cause then the treatment strategies are possible. The treatment of psychological disorders is termed as psychotherapy. Psychotherapy seeks to identify and help an individual take charge and control of their well -being. The type of psychotherapy to be utilized depends on the cause of the deviation. Every cause has a remedy suitable to it. An example is the humanistic cause. It involves the influence and the motivation an individual has towards a certain behavior. When solving a problem caused by the humanistic approach, then it is important to reason with the client to clearly understand their motives and to help them realize that they can do it on their own. Psychotherapy is effective for numerous conditions, but there are those conditions that require biomedical approaches, where drugs are administered and a diagnosis is made by a psychiatrist.
Self-control theory
Control theory has been defined using a classical and definite formulation, seeking to explain and elaborate on the interconnection between key variables. In the formulation inputs are present and the reference goal which in result translate to output. When the formulation is further analyzed and put in the human contexts, then the inputs are seen as the perceptions of an individual of the things in the environment, and the motives to approach and avoid certain states the reference goals and the person’s emotions being feeling states that revitalize an individual’s behaviors and deeds. Control theory plays a critical role in explaining how behavior is guided by everyday circumstances and environments CITATION Sus13 l 1033 (Calkins, 2013).Control theory helps in understanding what criminal behavior is and how it happens. Studies have shown that criminal behavior does not suggest that the individual has some mental illness. However, it is believed that criminals engage in unlawful and unsociable behavior because they are motivated by underlying psychiatric conditions. Some of these psychiatric conditions have been seen manifesting themselves in symptoms such as failure to resist a temptation or an urge, lack of self-consciousness and the inability to concentrate.
Application.
From the above discussion it is elaborate that criminal behavior was witnessed in the life of Bundy. It was contributed by the fact that he had unresolved anger from his childhood. He battled with his identity as a child. Growing up he had some sort of speech impairment and really struggled to fit in as the children his age teased him. He grew up thinking his grandparents were his parents and that his mother was his older sister. The truth frustrated him when he got the revelation and distant him from his mother, who would have nurtured him in the right direction in life.
Psychology theory was also evident in Bundy’s life. His behaviors and manners to a great extent could have been influenced by his environment. Living with is violent and brutal grandfather influenced him and he started exhibiting the same characteristics at a very tender age. It is believed that Bundy stocked kitchen knives around a sleeping female relative while she was sleeping and such actions were uncalled for. He had a traumatic childhood and grew up in a violent and brutal environment which influenced his behavior heavily. The humanistic theory also plays in life, when Bundy promises to work extremely hard and make his mother proud. He wanted to be outstanding and better than his other siblings. The very ugly break up with his first girlfriend who he thought was out of his league also played a critical role in the actions and behaviors of Ted. He raped young college girls as a way of trying to get vengeance after the break up. All of Ted’s victims to some extent resembled his first girlfriend a clear indication that he had some unresolved issues.
Ted history also relates to the self-control theory. He was able to control some urges and not give room for some of the unpleasant fantasies. Self -control has been defined as the ability to resist temptations and to restrain oneself from acting on impulses that they consider to be undesirable. When one lacks self -control then they act in ways that are not desirable or give their desires way, whether they are socially acceptable or not. Bundy had atrocious desires that resulted in him being a serial killer.
In conclusion, the life of Ted Bundy is of great importance in psychology. It can be used to explain the different models and different psychological theories and hence it is a great resource to be used in research studies and appropriate strategies can be formulated to avoid the occurrence of the same behavior.
References.
BIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 Calkins, S. D. (2013). The development of Self control of emotion: Intrinsic and extrinsic influences. Motivation and emotion journal, 7-26.
Charles A Nelson, Charlse H Zeanah, Nathan A Fox, Peter J Marshall, Anna T Smyke, Donald Guthrie. (2017). Cognitive recovery in socially deprived young children: The Bucharest Early intervention Project. Science Journal, 1937-1940.
Kruger, K. M. (2014). Sociological and Psychological Predispositions to Serial Murder.
Murray, J. L. (2017). The role of sexual, sadistic, and Misogynistic Fantasy in Mass and Serial Killing. Deviant Behavior Journal, 735-743.
Nathan A Fox, Heather A Henderson, Peter J Marshall, Kate E Nicholas Melissa M Ghera. (2017). Behavioral inhibition: Linking biology and Behavior within a developmental framework. Annual Rev psychology, 235-262.
Ozer, D. B, & Brnet-Martinez. (2016). Personality and prediction of consequential outcomes. annual review of psychology, 401-421.
Piel, J. (2015). Serial Killer: The Psychosocial Development of Humanity’s worst offenders. The Journal of American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 541-542.
Pollock, P. H. (2015). A case of Spree Serial Murder with Suggested Diagnostic Options. Sage Journals.
Sinha, S. (2016). Personality Correlates of Crimonal : A comparative study between normal controls and criminals. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 41-46.
Yochelson, S. (2015). The criminal Personality: A Profile for change. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.