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The Effect of Global Market on Entrepreneurship
The Effect of Global Market on Entrepreneurship
Name
Institution
Year
Petuum is a startup that was launched in the year 2016 with its current reaches now going across the country and beyond. The startup has had a great growth potential with its projections showing that it seeks to dominate the global markets in the near future. Petuum has managed to raise adequate resources with its whole operational area falling at early stage startups working in artificial intelligence and machine learning field. Petuum’s mission is ‘achieve the impossible’ that has guided its operations and goals and therefore making it grow steadily. The management at Petuum has been an effective force guiding the firm in its growth strategies that are hooked on the local and international markets. Petuum is being driven by the great potential the international markets have to offer in terms of AI as a fast-growing field already estimated to be worth billions of dollars in revenue under Forbes. Petuum has grown to cover vital market and its already thinking of going lobal in its strategic growth model that will expose to stiffer competition and vibrant growth. Petuum is dedicated to helping in the harnessing any data- tabular, unstructured, semi-structured, images, video, audio, streaming to implement practical AI solutions.
The world today is greatly shifting and becoming a unified market through globalization of trade. One f the key drivers of this shift to globalization is the ease in transport, communication, and technology in internet and sharing of ideas (Cavusgil et al., 2015). The ease of movement of goods and services has allowed companies located in far edges of the earth to trade with almost every country globally. The ease of doing business globally has ushered in a new dimension of entrepreneurship where startups now have to think globally as they are victims of the global markets. The broad effect of this is that the competition that startup companies face today do not only come from their local markets but from a global area. Therefore, the increased competition and rivalry from the global firms is therefore one of the key effects that startups have to deal with on a daily basis (Alvedalen & Boschma, 2017). The other effect comes through the decision-making process where the management in theses startups have to think globally and make decisions that reflect the global business environment.
Petuum as a startup firm with great potential is a victim of the globalization forces that have griped and intensified over the past ten years. The major effect of the global markets on Petuum is that the firm’s management is forced to think globally in its growth agenda as it faces not only local but even international competition (Cavusgil et al., 2015). On a positive side, the exposure to global thinking will boost Petuum’s diversity in decision making and market searching. The exposure to the external market will therefore boost the management at Petuum to think critically and broadly in trying to put up with the global competition. The global marks tar therefore not only a hindrance to growth but a platform to launch the a strategic and diverse thrive that a startup need (Nambisan et al., 2018). Global market is more competitive than the local ones and this forces startup firms to think broadly to counter the rivalry from global firms. One of the positive effects of this is that firms that operate in the global markets have a lot to learn and diversify their operations to put up with this increased competition. Consequently, the firms get a chance to grow and attain great potential (Burns, 2016). On a positive note, Petuum will benefit for this coemption as it is exposed to international coemption and this will offer the management an opportunity to think critically.
On the area of decision making, Petuum will be forced to operate under extensive and deeply thought decision that align with the global markets. The local environment varies from the international one and this is a key aspect of what and how firms makes decisions (Alvedalen & Boschma, 2017). Petuum in its global pursuit to keep up with the international competition will face the same effect that will demand critical and mature decision making. The management at Petuum will have to generate ideas that will match up with the international environment. This draws down even to the marketing decision that has to be done in line with the existing global environment. The marketing team at Petuum will have to realize that it does not only face the local but international marketing competition. The decisions made will therefore have to reflect what the international markets offers and therefore align with what the global customer want in terms of quality (Cavusgil et al., 2015).
Over the years, entrepreneurship has changed as a result of globalization. More startups are coming up and operating at a global level that puts them strategically at the center of this global competition (Burns, 2016). The ability to throve in this entrepreneurship business demands that the startups like Petuum to make decisions and apply all the growth intensive ideas. Petuum in its search for global presence and position in the entrepreneurship business has little options other than to make decisions that align with that the global market demand. The decisions made will range from marketing, operational framework, supply, and customer relations (Nambisan et al., 2018). The management has to make sure it makes the right decisions that match what the global market demand in order to make Petuum remain relevant and competitive.
Petuum also faces acute changes when trying to integrate its operational model to match that of the global arena in innovation business. Through the five years of operation, Petuum has managed to diversify and link its operational framework to respond to the global demand and competition (Burns, 2016). However, the management has be ushed to the extreme in trying to build an all-inclusive and global responsive operational model in its bid to feed the global markets. This shows that global markets and internationalization has a direct negative effect on startups that try to thrive in the competitive world. The stiff competition and demand in the global market is sometimes harmful to stratus that are pushed to the limit in trying to standup to bigger companies (Nambisan et al., 2018). Startups have little experience and thus exposing them to the global market may harm their growth as they are pushed to the wall in trying to match the bigger companies and stand the still competition.
The field of entrepreneurship has had its positive and negative side due to the exposure to global market. Startups have benefited from this aspect of globalization enabling them to grow to great heights. On a negative outlook, international markets have been harmful to startups as they are exposed to huge competition that makes them pull out of business. The exposure to global market is not only harmful to the startups but can be a major opportunity to boost their operations (Alvedalen & Boschma, 2017). As seen in the case of innovation startups, the international markets can boost their growth by outing them in frontline in the global competition. The whole idea of going global is beneficial as it boosts the way the startups face the market, make decisions, and compote both locally and internationally.
References
Alvedalen, J., & Boschma, R. (2017). A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: Towards a future research agenda. European Planning Studies, 25(6), 887-903.
Burns, P. (2016). Entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan Limited.
Cavusgil, S. T., & Knight, G. (2015). The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 3-16.
Nambisan, S., Siegel, D., & Kenney, M. (2018). On open innovation, platforms, and entrepreneurship. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(3), 354-368.
Conventional versus organic agriculture
Conventional versus organic agriculture
Student
Department
Course
Student
Date
Introduction to the debate of conventional versus organic agriculture
Conventional agriculture is a modern farming technique that intensifies normal farm activities by implementing various systems to achieve maximum efficiency. Such systems include the use of pesticides, herbicides, synthetic chemical fertilizers, and other continual inputs such as genetically modified organisms, concentrated animal feeding operations, heavy irrigation, intensive tillage, or concentrated monoculture production (Seufert, V., Ramankutty, N., & Foley, J. A., 2012). Organic farming is best defined as an integrated farming system that strives for sustainability by prohibiting items such as genetically modified organisms, pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, antibiotics, and growth hormones and in turn advocates for the enhancement of soil fertility with biological diversity. Although these two methods are seen to be counter-positive to each other they still greatly solve the underlying problem of feeding a large number of the human population. The main issues with the two methods are in their implementation, their efficiency in that they cost little to implement but give greater output, and finally in their overall effect on the environment.
The key general purpose of writing this paper is to greatly discuss these two methods at length and thus determine which one is adequate to help a large number of human beings by creating enough food for a large enough population. The paper in question will consider the variable nature of these two methods and their vast impact on human lives. The key factors that will be greatly considered will be the environmental cost, maximum output, and the general cost of implementing any of the two methods. A team discussion will thus give us a consensus on the pros and cons of the two methods so that we might assess the most beneficial method. The final summary will give us the critical thinking and consensus of this paper so that we may answer key important questions about the two methods.
Conventional agriculture
The task of feeding a large sum of the human population might seem hard but taking into consideration that by the end of the century the human population might be 11 billion this task seems even more impossible. Conventional agriculture already feeds 98.9% of the world at present and thus it only stands to reason that this method would still be implemented soon (Seufert, V., Ramankutty, N., & Foley, J. A., 2012). Its lesser cost and higher gains approach make conventional farming an idle system especially for farmers who wish to sell higher when there is peak demand for goods. A greater added advantage of this system is its ability to increase food production. This case to ever increase the food production is an ever-increasing problem, especially in the 21st century. The effects of global warming have to lead to natural calamities and a situation like droughts in which the eventual result is low food production is unavoidable.
Although conventional agriculture may stand to some as an environmentally hazardous way of feeding the human population it should be noted that organic agriculture is also equally harmful. Unlike conventional agriculture which can re-use a piece of land for maximum efficiency, organic agriculture would require the cutting down of huge chunks of land to create a truly bio-diverse area in which to cultivate (Beus, C. E., & Dunlap, R. E., 1990). Other studies have also shown that the use of composted manure for the provision of nutrients in organic farming has lead to greater groundwater pollution rates than the use of liquid fertilization techniques furthering showing us that organic farming is not helpful as it may seem. The time cost and opportunity cost of organic farming proves to be ever bothersome and tiresome to many farmers. Taking into account that a farmer might take years just to have their farm meet the organic system standards it stands to reason that conventional agriculture is the only suitable means by which a farmer might greatly benefit profit-wise. Conventional agriculture proves to be the only sustainable and cheap way to feed an ever-growing population that will continuously keep on growing soon.
Organic agriculture
This practice although not as common as conventional agriculture is quite useful. The main characteristics of organic agriculture include weed management, disease control, and greater soil fertility management practices. Although this system historically speaking produces a lower yield compared to conventional agriculture it is however more profitable and environmentally friendly. This advantage is also proceeded by the fact that organic agriculture delivers more nutritious foods that contain fewer pesticide residues, compared with conventional farming. More evidence has revealed that this system delivers greater eco-system services and social benefits (Lotter, 2003). The key underlining feature of organic farming is its efficient use of resources by recycling through methods such as crop rotation and other natural by-products.
Although most people might see organic agriculture as costly it is worth noting that conventional agriculture has significant downfalls that greatly make it an unnecessary system. Its ever-growing health and environmental concern make it especially problematic to a large group of people who use it (Reganold, J. P., & Wachter, J. M., 2016). Such health hazards include pesticides used that may find themselves into river bodies and thus in one way or another contaminate human beings and other animals. Another greatly disadvantageous part of this system is how unfair it is too small farmers. Due to how cheap and lucrative this system is, big farming industries that have the capital for such an endeavor have dominated this industry and thus leaving the small-scale farmers with less room to grow. Organic agriculture although hard it somewhat creates a fair enough field for all people to gain and profit from. Luck of monopoly in this field is a huge advantage as it most assuredly helps everyone involved in the sector.
Discussion board forum teamwork reflection
I have had the privilege of compiling our notes and assessing just how well this work was done can accurately attest to just neatly this work is. My group members not only portrayed diligence in this work but also an unseen level of resolve to assist and help one another. I can truly without a doubt say that the communication on how to do this work proved to be the key ingredient needed to do this work on time to not miss the deadlines we put in place for each other. Although one or two conflicts did arise in regards to the work we as the group members found an ever efficient way to work with each other to achieve the desired results. Encouragement was at an all-time high as we kept pushing each other forward to learn more and share ideas. As we had agreed teamwork became the cornerstone of all that we did and it thus helped us contribute equally in finishing this work on time. Our contribution to the synopsis greatly pushed this work to its fullest since they provided the basis for our understanding of the conventional and organic agriculture assignment. We commented on each other’s synopsis and this surprisingly lead to more encouragement on what ideas to share to better create this assignment. Politeness and respectfulness were always an integral part of us, they allowed our members to share more and be more proactive in the group work. I was deeply touched by just how much effort and commitment that we all placed in the group, it truly made a difference in ensuring that this assignment was one of a kind.
Summary
I noticed that although I had a bit of knowledge on both conventional and organic agriculture more still could be gained from this assignment. My pre-conceived notion on that one method was greatly favorable that the other one was proven especially when my group members presented their synopsis. My pre-conceived notion was that conventional agriculture produces more yield than organic farming and although I stated as much in this paper, my belief as to which method is superior to the other has changed. Although I found out that organic food is much healthier than conventional food, I still struggle to understand just how harmful certain foods can be. The statement on just how conventional food can be harmful to a person has greatly shocked me but in hindsight, it has allowed me to pay more attention to what I eat.
Based on new information acquired I believe that more information and research is essential in the agricultural field. Although I have gained more questions than answers because of this research, I still believe that there has to be an adequate way to provide for the world’s population without necessarily causing the greater harmful effect to the environment. My main fundamental question is whether we should still consider conventional agriculture as an adequate means of feeding the world population. Although this method is cheap and less costly my main concern is whether its benefits out ways its cost. I believe that in the end, both methods are greatly beneficial but if we are to find a good enough way to feed the world`s population we need to find a cheap efficient way that is not at all harmful or dangerous to people.
References
Seufert, V., Ramankutty, N., & Foley, J. A. (2012). Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture. Nature, 485(7397), 229-232.
Beus, C. E., & Dunlap, R. E. (1990). Conventional versus alternative agriculture: The paradigmatic roots of the debate. Rural sociology, 55(4), 590-616.
Lotter, D. W. (2003). Organic agriculture. Journal of sustainable agriculture, 21(4), 59-128.
Reganold, J. P., & Wachter, J. M. (2016). Organic agriculture in the twenty-first century. Nature plants, 2(2), 1-8.
Policies that should be included in the Manual
Policies that should be included in the Manual
1. (a) Identify four (4) specific policies that should be included in the Manual and outline three (3) key points or reasons for choosing EACH policy.
Each organization needs to have specific policies that aid in execution of its duties. These policies should be legally binding to both the staff and clients. There are several administrative policies involved in the law profession. The four specific policies that should be included in the manual to guide the assistant include the following:
Employment Policies
Employment Benefits Policies
Employee Conduct Policies
Workplace Guideline Policies
The choice of the most suitable policies to employ depends on the nature of the work that someone is going to do as well as the kind of organizational structure (National Association of Legal Assistants, 2010).
Employment Policies
Employment policies are universal and must feature in any office manual. They are of critical importance in this case for three main reasons. First, these policies guide hiring practices (Canon, 2008). Therefore, any person hiring or being hired must become acquainted with these policies. Employment policies also serve to orient the new employees. In this regard, the new employees get familiar with the organization in which their services are required. They also act to maintain confidentiality within the organization, thus is critical for inclusion in any office manual.
Employment benefits policies
These are critical because they familiarize employees with the benefits like insurance. In addition, they make the employee become familiar with important dates for vacations and holidays. Moreover, they help employees understand the terms of employee reimbursements.
Employment Conduct Policies
They are crucial in controlling employees and employers behaviors in the workplace (Canon, 2008). Therefore, they cannot easily exploit their employees who are also expected to observe certain codes of conduct. These policies set the codes of conduct to all the staff in the workplace. These policies also act to guide drug abuse and harassment in the workplace.
b) Outline three (3) procedures that your assistant must follow after a new client comes in. For each procedure, provide two (2) reasons as to why the procedure must be followed, with reference to applicable authority for your answer.
Whenever a new client enters, the assistant will be expected to follow certain procedures in handling the client. Three basic procedures can be followed. The assistant will first identify these new clients. The identification may involve the full names of the client, verifying the documents like birth certificates of the government issued identification card, as well as the name of the organization where the client works. Secondly, the assistant will be expected to establish the matter that the client needs to be addressed (Canon, 2008). Lastly, the assistant will be expected to determine the most appropriate person to provide instructions concerning the client’s identity and matter at hand. This may be either the paralegal himself or the assistant if he is capable of offering assistance to the client. Determination of the appropriate person to issue instructions is important for two main reasons. First, it helps in avoiding problems that may arise due to encounter with phantom clients (National Association of Legal Assistants, 2010). Some of the phantom clients are so problematic. The second reason for following the procedures is that it helps dispel the possibilities of misrepresentation.
2. (a) What steps must you take in order to ensure compliance with client identification and client verification requirements?
Several steps can guide a person to ensure compliance with the client identification as well as verification requirements. First, when someone is engaged in provision of legal services, he is bound to identify the client and any third party represented by the client (National Association of Legal Assistants, 2010). This may include individual employer or an organization. However, in this scenario, it is critical to keep certain information regarding the client. The information should detail the name of the client, business contacts including address and phone numbers as well as home address (Canon, 2008). In addition, the occupation of the client should also be captured. In case the client is an organization, there is need to record the type of business and the government body in which the business operates. The contacts as well as names of the personnel responsible for feeding the client with information in that organization should also be recorded (National Association of Legal Assistants, 2010).
2. (b) Provide examples of documentation which would meet the verification requirements in this matter.
The identification of clients, whether employed by individuals of organizations is important in several perspectives. However, verification of such identity is of critical significance. The following are the key examples of documentations, which would meet the verification of the client’s identity. Government issued identification documents like birth certificate, driver’s license and passports can help in case of clients employed by individuals in their firms (Canon, 2008). However, in case of clients within organizations, documents such as government issued copy of certificate of corporate status can be used (National Association of Legal Assistants, 2010). Other documents include reviewed trust and partnership agreements of the organization.
3. (a) Identify which Rules and Guidelines of the Paralegal Rules of Conduct and the Paralegal Professional Conduct Guidelines would apply in this situation and why.
There are several rules that may apply to the scenario of Pearl and Catnip. The rule of professionalism must greatly be applied in this case. This is going to be applied regardless of whether Pearl knows Catnip or not. It is important to apply this rule to foster integrity and duty to the clients. The paralegals are supposed to depict high degree of commitment to their work and profession (Canon, 2008). Therefore, it is on order that the interests of clients are handled in the appropriate number. Secondly, the rule on duty to clients also applies to this scenario. This is because Pearl is expected to represent the interests of the clients in the case without discrimination. Therefore, it is quite essential since it will espouse a sense of integrity and competence to both the company and the paralegal himself.
3. (b)Describe what actions (if any) should be taken by Catnip Everard AND Parryl Eagle.
Concerning this case, Parry Eagle, being the paralegal, should clearly discuss the matter with Catnip. He should agree with Catnip not to be part of the case even though she is linked with the clients. Catnip needs not represent FETA when the case is being discussed. Both Parryl and Catnip should reach such an agreement.
4. (a)Which specific Rules and Guidelines apply here?
Several rules and guidelines may apply in this scenario of Walden and Mr. Allan’s. The first is the rule of professionalism. This entails issues touching on the integrity and undertakings. This rule also touches on discrimination of clients. The second rule entails duty to the clients (Canon, 2008). The paralegals are supposed to depict high degree of competence to their clients. Advocacy is the third rule applying to this scenario. This concerns tribunals and duty to clients as is evidenced in the scenario. The last rule here is the Responsibility to the Law Society.
4. (b) What steps should Walden have taken to avoid this situation?
Walden should have communicated early enough with Mr. Allan, stating his position on the take on Landlord and Tenant law. A paralegal is not expected to fail any of his clients. Therefore, he should have agreed with Mr. Allan earlier on concerning the case. He should have discussed the matter in details so that when he is going to represent the client, he goes with facts. He should have invited Mr. Allan to his office and discussed the issues.
4. (c) What must he tell the tribunal?
In concern to the scenario, Walden should be clear on his stand on the matter before the tribunal. He should have told the tribunal that he wished to represent Mr. Allan in the case, but only if given some time to prepare. He should request the tribunal to extend the time for listening to give him ample time to prepare for the case.
5. With reference to specific sections of By-law 7.1, the Rules and the Guidelines, clearly identify five delegation errors in this scenario.
The scenario of Bella and Edward is having several delegation errors. Both Bella and Edward have committed the errors. It is prudent enough to highlight that there are several delegation errors. However, only five are highlighted. First, the error of misrepresentation is evident in the scenario (Canon, 2008). Although Bella is cognizant of the case of misrepresentation by Edward, he is just comfortable and sees no offence in it. He only acts to encourage it. The second delegation error committed by Edward agrees to represent a client who has been charged with an assault yet that is not supposed to be his duty. There is also the virtue of dishonesty in representation as an error in delegation. This follows that Edward demands for unnecessary payments from the client to justify illegal representation of that client. The fourth delegation error is failure to advice the client regarding the law and the likely outcomes, risks and repercussions of his matter. This is too bad since it lacks an act of professionalism as an acting paralegal. The fifth error in delegation is that Edward was not wary of the policies guiding his tenure. He fails to explain to the client the conditions under which his services may be limited; therefore, he ends up misrepresenting Bella, and never discloses it to Bella.
References
Cannon, T. A. (2008). Ethics and professional responsibility for paralegals. New York: Aspen Publishers.
National Association of Legal Assistants, (2010). NALA manual for paralegals and legal assistants: A general skills & litigation guide for today’s professionals. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.