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nonverbal communication Assignment
# Assignment #3/2
Author
Institution
1.) On page 341, the author describes five functions of gazing. List and describe each, and then provide an example of each as you have experienced it in your interpersonal relations. (10 pts)
Gazing mainly involves the use of eyes, in which case its functions are mostly connected to the use of eyes in a certain way.
First, gazing is used to scan or monitor the environment. This is, for example, in cases where I am meeting a new person, and I want to ascertain or determine his moods or even whether he is interested in what am saying.
Second, gazing is used to define and establish relationships especially in the initial phase of encounter. In cases where I do not want a direct or rather intimate relationship, I give a hard glance or even maintain little or no eye contact. This sends a signal that I am not interested in deep relationships.
Third, a gaze may be used to regulate and control interactions between individuals. In most cases, I would establish an intimate relationship through a mutual gaze. This, however, is not the case when I do not want one.
Fourth, gazing comes in handy as a Cognitive activity. This is especially in cases where an individual has passed complex ideas or difficult information. In my case, it happens when the teacher is lecturing on complicated subject, which I have a hard time internalizing.
Fifth, gazing functions as a way of expressing emotions. In cases where I have been given sad news or rather information that is difficult to internalize such as the passing on of a friend or relative, I find myself fixing my gaze on a certain spot to allow the news to sink.
2.) What are vocal cues? Describe the many ways in which vocal cues are employed. (10 pts).
Vocal cues refer to a category or group of nonverbal communication that incorporates all sounds and noises that are not only extra-speech sounds but also convey some meaning. These play a crucial role as they as an inflection of the voice or a sound that is used to send a certain message in nonverbal communication. In essence, they discredit or affirm a certain message. Vocal cues play the varied functions which include complementing the verbal messages, accenting verbal messages, substituting, contradicting, regulating and repeating verbal messages. There are varied ways in which vocal cues are employed in relationships.
They may be employed in terms of touch. In most cases, touch in the workplaces is limited to the nonintimate areas such as the shoulder, upper arm and hand. This is especially in cases where both parties have a well-established, nonintimate and positive relationship with each other.
Vocal cues may also be used in terms of gestures and movement. It goes without saying that, in cases where an individual is speaking to senior people or people with higher statuses than him, he is likely to incorporate adaptive behavior thanks to the anxiety of communicating to superiors.
Vocal cues may also be employed in terms of space, which may essentially determine the submissive and dominant parties in the organization. In most cases, senior persons are allowed to invade their subordinates’ space and privacy.
3.) Try to imagine a social world in which lies could be detected 99% of the time. Do you think you can detect lies? Why or why not? Did anything change about your opinion of your ability to detect lies after reading Chapter 12? (10 pts)
As much as lie detection may be a complex phenomenon, I believe I would have the capacity to tell when an individual is lying to me. This would mainly involve taking note of his or her body language or gestures, as well as the verbal cues. It goes without saying that, the body language of an individual would not be synchronized with what he or she is saying in cases when he is lying.
In cases where an individual is lying, his or her physical expression would be stiff and limited to few hand and arm movements, and is most likely to avoid eye contact. The duration and timing of emotions and emotional gestures would have an abnormal pace. In fact, the timing would be misplaced between gestures or expressions, emotions and words. In most cases, gestures and expressions would not be matching the verbal statements. For example, an individual would say “I love you” while frowning, which is fundamentally inappropriate. In such instances, the individuals’ expressions would most likely be limited to mouth movements rather than the whole face since the individual is faking emotions. The verbal content and context would also be a tell-tale for an individual who is lying. Liars may try to avoid detection by avoiding making direct statements. In essence, they would give implied answers rather than denying something directly. Many are times when liars give unnecessary details in an effort to appear convincing, and would be uncomfortable with pauses or silence between conversations. Reading chapter 12 convinced me on how easy it can be to tell when an individual is lying. However, I realized that I have quite a lot to learn as far as learning all the nonverbal cues is concerned.
4.) Discuss how the nonverbal behavior of a patient and physician can mutually influence one another. (10 pts)
Nonverbal behavior plays a critical role as far as shaping relationships and interactions between individuals is concerned. In the case of a physician and a patient, their nonverbal behavior influences the interaction between them, or even each other’s behavior. A physician who appears too formal in his dressing and mannerisms may create the impression that he or she is not concerned about the inner feelings of the patient, but rather on the completion of the job. In essence, the patient maybe unable to disclose some information as a rapport may be hard to establish.
On the other hand, the patient who appears casual, both in his dressing and his mannerisms, would appear approachable in which case even the physicians would not feel intimidated as far as interacting with him is concerned.
5.) Try to recall a time when you had a conversation with someone with a physical disability- someone on crutches or in a wheelchair, for example. Did your gazing patterns change when interacting with this person? How so? (10 pts)
At one instance, I was interacting with an individual who was on a wheelchair. It was evident that at he was in need of help not only as far as directions are concerned, but also in terms of pushing and probably some financial help. It is worth noting that there was no way my gaze at him would remain constant throughout the time of interaction. This variation occurred in terms of intensity, as well as the duration of my gaze and even whether we were gazing at each other or not. In the initial stages, we had a mutual gaze where both of us looked at the direction of each other’s face. This was the time when he was narrating his tribulations in which case I was trying to decipher the authenticity of the narrations from the individual’s body language, while he was trying to determine whether I was genuinely concerned about him. Later on, we had a one-sided gaze where he searched my face to see whether I understood his tribulation, whereas I looked further ahead trying to determine the best way of dealing with the situation. Of course, I offered to push him for a certain distance and gave him directions to the place where he wanted to go. Unfortunately, there was nothing much I could do as far as his financial tribulations were concerned in which case I had to (intentionally) engage in gaze aversion. In fact, I had no motivation to look at his direction as I did not have any financial muscle to end his financial tribulations as much as I would have wanted. In essence, I maintained little or no eye contact with the disabled man.
The Hole In My Life
The Hole In My Life“Hole in My Life”It is evident that Jack Gantos have a life lesson in all his books. His fiction series were mainly based on his own adventures as a young boy. One of his books, “The Hole in My Life” is a book for teens, which tells a true story of the time when Gantos spent about 18 months in prison. In his quote “Someone once said anyone can be great under rosy circumstances, but the true test of character is measured by how well a person makes decisions during difficult times” (Gantos, 2002). This quote is interesting because it reveals how people make their decision during the difficult times; as a result, it may not be easy for one to judge the other on how they make the decision. I strongly agree with this quote because I believe for a fact that everyone including myself has been through some scenario at a certain point in their lives which resonate with the quote. And for sure if everyone could have been living in a high and rich social status, then people would have less trouble making small especially when making their decision, however, not all the people may live that life, so they got to worry about the decisions made (Gantos, 2002). In summary, the paper will summarize on how the quote; “Someone once said anyone can be great under rosy circumstances, but the true test of character is measured by how well a person makes decisions during difficult times” by Jack Gantos apply to the novel; “The Hole in My Life.”In the book, The Hole in My Life, Jack Gantos gives readers a detailed understanding of one young man travel through life. The novel was narrated and told from Gantos view point, where it started out with a flashback on his prison life as well as, his daily routine in prison. There are various themes shown in the novel, however, one of the primary themes majorly identified is the ability for a person to recover from his/her mistakes. In the novel, Gantos is seen to make the series of mistakes throughout his life, but instead of being beaten by them, he goes ahead and uses them to his advantage. For instance, in the beginning of the story, we are told that Gantos finds himself unable to proceed attending high school in San Juan since he was not able to speak Spanish. Furthermore, he finds it difficult to hire a private tutor. Instead of Gantos simply giving up, he otherwise takes the opportunity to go to work as well as, learning a trade, even though these did not pan out to be successful as he wished, however, he still managed to use his time so as to earn money, showing that he was not the type to flounder in self pity (Gantos, 2002).I therefore, feel that using Gantos quote; one can always pick up the piece as well as, bounce whenever they fall back in life, despite how bad the mistake one has made. This was shown on how Gantos managed to make good decisions even after he was faced with various issues in his life. For instance, Jack was originally a drug as well as, alcohol over consumer, and he also had a carefree attitude towards everything. Gantos did not actually know what to do in the future, but instead, he admitted not to go in-depth with his writing ideas. However, his time in prison was able to change almost everything, this made him learnt that it was not appropriate for him to take part in activities such as selling of drugs as it only benefited him, and mental cost someone else especially the buyers and their families. Conversely, Gantos as well managed to get a prospect to see how writing stimulation is all around him even in monotonous places like jail, as long as one is devoted, focused as well as, willing to spend time doing something which is productive (Gantos, 2002). In the long run, Gantos is seen to have succeeded more than ever, where he even managed to do good writing work in college as well as obtaining a steady way of life. I believe Gantos had achieved a lot along with living happily despite his setbacks. I strongly feel that Gantos novel The Hole in My Life is a great motivator since it gives a good example of how one is able to make a change and at the end can survive as well as, rise up theoretical rank, no matter what the odds.Being desperate to reinvent himself as an adult and a writer, Gantos believed wholeheartedly in authors he admired, he argued that, like Kerouac, he needed to cut loose. While at first reluctant to experiments using drugs, Gantos could not help wondering if this could help him to become whom he wanted to be he says, “I got that impression from reading William Burroughs” (Gantos, 2002). As a result, Gantos opted out of the University and thereafter moved to his parents’ home where he quickly became part of the drug culture in the island. In spite of all these, Gantos became stressful and regretted why he had to drop out of the school, after which he started to become determined of earning enough to help him get back to a good school that taught creative writing. Conversely, in the beginning, Gantos felt that the only mistake he had made in his life was to get caught by the FBI. And therefore, in the lottery of violence, which is the prison had helped him in re-evaluating other beliefs. This also allowed Gantos to be what he had always wanted to become, this is because he found the dedication as well as focus needed to write seriously. However, he was not allowed of keeping a journal, hence making his lifeline a battered copy in which he scratched his fears and thoughts (Gantos, 2002).My reaction to Jack Gantos quote; “Someone once said anyone can be great under rosy circumstances, but the true test of character is measured by how well a person makes decisions during difficult times (Gantos, 2002). ” I think that this quote is meant to show the theme in the book. It is evident that overcoming adversity is a big part of the Hole in My Life. For instance, in the novel Gantos described often changing schools as an inconsequential problem and how he could leave as well as, make friends. Actually this showed that Gantos had gone through struggles with a “happy-go-lucky” attitude in his entire early life, and was even willing to continue drinking alcohol, smoking as well as, taking drugs without having second thought. Gantos on the other hand, mentioned how he did not even consider the possibility of him being jailed while smuggling the hash; instead he cared on the money. However, it is evident that the little that he did had some good qualities or outlooks, for example, his value of family along with writing. This made Gantos to formulate change as well as, to turn his life around for better. However, the hole in my life seems to be exceptional, I believe the novel is an ideal memoir given that it provides brutal honesty, descriptiveness as well as, some mature content, though at some point, the novel is seen to have a lot of humor as well as, funny scenes. In short, story is seen to have given a taste of reality without exceptionally boring.Reference
Gantos, J. (2002). Hole in my life. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.