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Police corruption
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Police corruption
Police corruption is a concept of great significance to our daily lives. It tends to make us question the meaning of law and order if the police of all people can get involved in such practices as corruption. Police corruption can thus be defined as police officers’ involvement in activities through which they use their authority and power for personal gains (Cox et al., 298). Police corruption has been on the rise, primarily due to systemic inefficiency, making it very difficult for the people to realize justice even in some fundamental issues in society. Due to the seemingly silent unrest and the police officers’ inability to provide quality services due to their high-profile kinds of misconduct, the mayor of Los Angeles, Tom Bradley, formed the Christopher commission (Cox et al., 299). The commission was given the duty of investigating the reasons behind these high-profile accounts of misconduct and suggest possible solutions to the issue.
The Mollen Commission was formed by former mayor Rudolph Giulian which was supposed to question the accusations of corruption within the new york police department (Cox et al., 299). This evolved questioning investigation of allegations of misconduct, the effectiveness of the anti-corruption mechanisms in place, and is as well as offer recommendations for improvement. These two commissions found almost similar issues present within the new york police department, which led to the high levels of corruption happening. One of the shocking findings was that in both commissions, the police officers usually helped each other in carrying out corruption deals, and at times the administrators knew of these activities. They did nothing about them (Cox et al., 299).
Therefore, the findings of the two commissions could be summarised in that it found out that the problem was within the police department’s internal structure. This also meant that the internal structure had to be dealt with. The Mollen commission suggested that the best way to deal with the issues associated with the police department was to create an external body to focus on police officers’ misconduct.
Works cited
Cox, Steven M., et al. Introduction to policing. Sage Publications, 2018.
Police Brutality
Brian Palacios
History 1301
Juana Rodriguez
24 October 2018
Police Brutality
Leaders have encouraged the police to use brutal force when dealing with suspects. Police brutality has been a theme that was present in the early days in history, and up to this era, we continue to encounter police using force and sometimes killing suspects. In the journal ‘Sacrificing Black Lives for the American Lie’ we are made aware that the American police are not charged or rarely are they charged for taking the lives of the black people in the American nation. For the instances, they are charged the juries rarely convict them. The issue arose when a Minnesota jury ruled in favor of the police that Philando Castile was responsible for his death and Jeronimo Yanez the officer who shot him did nothing wrong.
According to the journal, there is no known reason as to why justice is segregated from the black people’s death, but people say that America is racist. The jurors in the American nation are like cops who hate the blacks for no reason. On the side of the police, the account of racism is indisputable as they claim that the lives of the black people do not matter. Indeed, the Black Death matters to the life of America that is it matters to the blood flow of ideas that give life to the American’s perception of a nation.
Police brutality in the American nation was witnessed as early as 1872 when the Chicago Tribune reported the beating of a civilian under arrest at the Harrison police station. Police brutality on the people of black decency is not a thing of today, but it is a historical issue that was present during the times of slavery. The slaves were brutally tortured and killed by the police, and the justice system of America never gave an ear to the complaints as the blacks were always condemned to be on the wrong. Reading from the article, around fifty years ago Black American rioters who rebelled and killed by the police in almost 130 cities were blamed by the Americans for causing their own deaths.
Work Cited
Kendi, Ibrahim. Sacrificing Black Lives for the American Lie. The New York Times. Retrieved from: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/24/opinion/sunday/philando-castile-police-shootings.html. 20 October 2018
Police Brutality among Blacks and How it Increases Morbidity
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Police Brutality among Blacks and How it Increases Morbidity
The article explores the cases on police brutality towards the blacks and the use of technology in recording such cases so that there can be public scrutiny. Often police brutality involves use of physical force such as forceful arrest, beatings or shootings that we mostly see but scholars are now involving emotional, verbal violence as well as psychological intimidation so part of the police brutality. Police brutality has been fueled by factors such as White supremacy as often one will find the white police officers will tend to exert more force while dealing with the blacks, it is the white privilege that has led to the devaluation of blackness. There is a link that exist between health care and police brutality and this may be because after harm has occurred or when an individual is harmed due to police brutality they are likely to go to the hospital for medical care.
The article points out the lack of empirical evidence that exists pointing out the link between police brutality and poor health group among the targeted race. There ae five ways that has been presented in the research article on how police brutality contributes to morbidity among both at the communal and individual level. The first ways are the fatal injuries that are inflicted on African Americans such as gun shots or broken limbs from forceful arrests or beatings which increases mortality rate. The second is the adverse psychological issues arising from the brutality which increases morbidity. The other reason is the racist public reaction that exist an example is how people will assume black man is guilty of a crime and this increases stress. Another factor is the high rate of incarcerations as well as arrests, high legal fees from paying bond or bail and other legal charges, funeral expenses in case of death and these factors causes financial strain on the family. Lastly we have the integrated oppressive structure, most of the system in place are still racist and this results in systematic disempowerment (Alang, pg. 662).
Physical injuries and death may be the closes effect of police brutality. According to a research that was conducted by the Guardian an African American male is nine times more likely to be killed by law enforcers (Swaine, et.al). The brutality is often fueled by the pence of certain stereotypes that exists for example most people believe that Blacks are more likely to commit crimes. Police brutality has led to increased mistrust and strain among the law enforcers. In cases where death does not happen. Injuries are likely to occur often due to use of too much force. An example is the case of Dondi Johnson who was arrested in Baltimore and suffered injuries from police including broken limbs that he later succumbed from these injuries (Alang, pg.663). There are far too many stories that are similar to this case. Police officers tend to be too aggressive with blacks and this is due to racism.
Psychological stress which is also a medical issue arises from police brutality. People living in areas with high police brutality cases are likely to experience psychological stress this is because most live in fear to the fact that they do not know if they may be next or their family members may be affected. Experiencing or witnessing a police brutality ma have adverse psychological effect on a person especially a child. If a child witnesses their father being beaten or shot by law enforcement, this is an occurrence that is likely to linger on their minds and affect them. Racist public relations also contribute also contributes to stress. An example is where one tries to stand up against police brutality they may five scrutiny and even get accused of violence. White institutions may judge Black people without really understanding where they are coming from. For most Black people they often have to chin up and continue with their life as if nothing is happening yet there is the issue of police brutality and this may result in stress build up (Alang pg. 663).
Economic and financial strain contributes to health decline among Blacks because police brutality may take away the life of a person who was a bread winner to the family. The cost of also treating injuries or funeral expenses are cost that a family may be inclined to bear even though they may have not have planned for it. Police brutality takes away the resources that are already limited in a black community and this partially explain why certain black neighborhoods are still in deplorable conditions (Alang, pg. 664). There is also black community’s disempowerment for example most cases that are presented in court are often dismissed and most of these officers resume work or just transferred. This often makes it hard for people who have gone through police brutality to seek justice because they know eventually nothing much will be done and justice will not be done.
Public health scholars may be a great contribution into understanding the extent of effect of police brutality. Most of the time people address the deaths and the injuries but there are far much more effects that increases morbidity including stress, financial constraint and racist systems that have disempowered black people. The health scholars need to be also on the forefront t in condemning all sorts of oppression. American Public Health Association has been on the forefront in doing so. They have proposed certain measures that may help in fighting police brutality including decriminalization of certain offences such as loitering as it may help in fighting racialized stops and frisking. Racial equality can only be achieved if everyone is ready to have the conversation on how the system is still unfair to minorities.
Works Cited
Alang, Sirry, et al. “Police brutality and black health: setting the agenda for public health scholars.” American journal of public health 107.5 (2017): 662-665.
Swaine, Jon, et al. “Young Black Men Killed by US Police at Highest Rate in Year of 1,134 Deaths.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 31 Dec. 2015, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/31/the-counted-police-killings-2015-young-black-men.