Recent orders
Natural disasters have very huge negative impacts on the environment
Introduction
Natural disasters are as happenings that are generated by natural phenomena like earthquakes, tsunamis and global climate. Interest on the three natural phenomenon (earthquakes, tsunamis and global climate) was rekindled in the past years due to their impact and how they occur. Earthquakes and tsunami are sudden and one‐time event and their impact is quite lethal and hazardous while global climate develops over time and its impact is not heavy compared to the instant ones.
Effects of the disasters
Natural disasters have very huge negative impacts on the environment. Many people have lost their lives and property due to these disasters.
Earthquake
This is one of the most caustic and dangerous natural phenomena. It is initiated by the rapid vibrations of rocks close to the earth’s surface .It is considered to be the most frightening of all the natural phenomena and has bred fear ever since due to its abrupt and unpredictable occurrence and massive capability of destruction. Earthquakes usually last for a very few couple of minutes or even seconds, its tremors normally shakes the earth .Earthquakes are initiated mostly by the rupture of geological faults, volcanic activities, nuclear experiments ,landslides, and mine blasts.
Earthquakes can generate lots of damage to both human and animal life and even destruction of properties. When and where earthquakes take place, many people usually lose their properties lives and that of their loved ones. The rumbling effect produced by earthquakes causes destruction of structures like bridges, buildings and dams. The effect also generate landslides. Earthquakes are random and causes much devastating acts of nature.
Tsunami
Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning harbor wave. Tsunami is caused by ocean waves generated by earthquakes or landslides in the underwater. It is more devastating phenomena just like earthquake and it is also unpredictable the only difference being it takes place in water. The impact tsunami brings to the affected people is also outrageous. Tsunami has led to the great loss of lives in the affected area. It causes deaths by drowning people. Other related risks are contamination of drinking water, flooding, and massive destruction of infrastructure such as buildings, bridges and roads. It also have negative economic effects such as washing away of crops from the farms that are engulfed by flood leaving behind a barren land that cannot support crop growth due to saline conditions left in the soil, fishermen also suffer a blow from such flooding
Global climate
Climate change is an unavoidable phenomenon that globally is being experienced in many forms like temperature rise, Sea level rise, drought etc.
Global climate has a weighty effect on both human and animal health and well-being. Extreme climatic conditions can sometimes have negative impacts such as diseases and in most cases can even cause death .This has mostly been witnessed in too hot and too cold environments. Medical illnesses like peptic, bronchitis, glaucoma, ulcer, are associated to periodic variations in temperature. Diseases like pneumonia are mostly associated with extreme cold climate. Humidity also has a huge effect on health because it aids the body to cool itself by evaporation of perspiration. This sometime may be dangerous since extreme dehydration may lead to death
The effect of Global warming cannot be ignored due to its impact on environment.it is responsible for rising of sea level which has a negative impact to the economy and displacement of people who live in the affected seashores
How the phenomenon are monitored.
The natural disasters has stretched its magnitude of the damage to the affected areas. This is mostly due to the unpredictability of most of them. The effects are so severe just because of its instantaneous occurrence and the inability of people living in disaster-prone areas to prepare in advance for it and resist it. In the past years, efforts to monitor these disasters risk have been focused to give early warning systems so as to provide timely and real information that enables the people living in the prone areas to respond and take necessary action when it hits.
There are many websites that has been displaying up-to-date information related earthquake monitoring. Websites like http://www.noaawatch.gov/themes/quake.php are known for monitoring and giving latest information about earthquakes. According to the website, the latest earthquake info dated October 2013 exhibits the rate of earthquakes in Oklahoma that amplified remarkably since the mentioned date by about 50 percent – considerably increasing the accidental damaging capacity to 5.5 or greater quake in central Oklahoma. The use of Seismometers which can predict the magnitude of the earthquake, and then submits the number to the Richter scale to define its magnitude.
The Technology Resources for Earth quake Monitoring and Response
(TREMOR) is designed to tackle this problem. It involves two prototype systems integrating space-based and ground technology. The pilot implementation is focused in three countries that are vulnerable and frequently affected by earthquakes – Japan, China, and Peru – it involves the development and launch of two tiny satellites to monitor ionospheric and electromagnetic precursors. It is then blended with ground precursor finding, the gathered information is used to improve the available information of Earthquake-related phenomena.
Lynching was an essential thing was used by the white supremacists so as to have absolute
Introduction
Lynching was an essential thing was used by the white supremacists so as to have absolute power over black in early 20th and late 19th century Lynching was popularized by many reasons, much of which included terrorism so as to make the whites a more feared society .among the difficult things was the black resistance against the whites although the whites found it easier to resist because they were more powerful communally. However, all through the lynching history the whites used different ways to control the life of the black’s .Politically, socialy, economically and later lynching to crash the black uprisingA major factor that lead to the increase of lynching was the fear among the white male who saw the blacks as being danger to their families. False accusations was one major way the whites used against the black male, the crimes varied and most of the time the black male would be charged with rape and many men were convicted without any concrete evidence and at times even without being taken to court Such like act s of killing without approval most of time was viewed by the whites as an acceptable behavior as it was a way of eliminating wrong doers who most of the time were innocent Most of the sentences were be carried out by hanging, or sometimes worse disfigurement such as being set ablaze alive and also castration. The most ridiculous thing was that no white man was ever accused of such crimes the white society perfected the act of depriving the blacks all of the basic human right like even the right to life the men even went further to portray the black man as rapists that would rape the white women unless away devised on how the white woman would be protected. The reason the white man portrayed the black man as rapist was a way for the whites to gain total control over the black man and also to give the white society al the reasons to lynch the black man without raising eye brows and it worked as the rest of the world had been made to believe the black man was very bad.
Another reason why lynching becomes established was because of the ending of the Civil War, once it ended. As the fact that slavery had come and the slaves given freedom to make a living on for themselves some white people still felt the black society had to be controlled in someway coupled with fact that the black movement that already furthermore some whites had personal problems with the black especially towards the black man .After the civil war came to an end some whites agitated by the fact the black society could now live amongst them and do anything just like the whites, some were just disappointed that they had no more power over the blacks some whites also felt the blacks had no right to live among the whites, black society also was rising fast and the more reason the white man hated the black man more and the Blackman had to be controlled before the numbers became unbearable, still others just the black society as a threat for could now make own decisions and some whites thought the black man could not argue out to an extent of saying what is right and wrong and to suppress the black the whites resulted to lynching. The support of the society was another cause why lynching became ever more fashionable, and the absence of opposition from the blacks encouraged the white to continue terrorizing the black. The entire white community was in support of social accord, which allowed the blacks to receive punishment as well as becoming subdued. Considerably different from the usual public mobs giving their views openly, the medium was also contributed helped to the rising figure of lynching. They focused on cases involving black offenders against a white, sometimes they would speak to the community and offer suggestions to the community, recommending what actions needed to be imposed to ensure white power. The media would give comments as powerful as saying that lynching ought to happen for the reason of revenge and to discourage the black beasts against committing such an act again. Some politicians in most cases would promote lynching and racial violence. The political factors contributed to the increase of lynching during these two centuries. The three elections in 1892, 1894 and 1896 which brought on average of 17 lynching every year during the campaigns. And also Louisiana which was a famous state encountered increased numbers during the campaigns. Political parties that seemed to be perceived as detrimental to the dominance of the white race did not receive any recognition, Conservatives were worried about the black power which was fighting against the mistreatment of blacks so once more lynching became common and rose to even more terrorizing owing to the reality that the black political movement never achieved much furthermore they were punished for making efforts. The African repression continued to reign with the predominance of lynching, the blacks now started becoming violent despite the fact that lynching was on the rise and the blacks were also been weakened. Racial injustices is another immense cause why lynching thrived as well, the white people concerned for killing the blacks knew they would go scot free even if they killed a black man even when a black man acted in self defense and ended up injuring or sometimes killing a white man the guilty was always the black man be punished for accusing a black man or putting him to death. Lynching became more common as a communal show; people were accepting the brutal killing of a black man in public. The terror that the black faced was brought about by lack of social protection from police.
Conclusion
Lynching that took place in the 19th and 20th centuries was never studied properly to understand the impact it had in the lives of the blacks who lived during that period, while there are numerous instances where life become unbearable. Obviously being in a state of regular fear, experiencing the sense of denial, lack of one civil rights and importantly the taking of life. The predominance of lynching was at times because of support of the very people who were supposed to stop the terror, who would have thought that one of could stoop so low, to the extent judging people because of biological characteristics instead of seeing what they have to offer. The past is behind but power is still an issue which elicits emotions.
Nutritional adaptabuility
Introduction
Interview GuideOpening Remarks: I appreciate you for having given me an opportunity to interview you on the issues of your nutritional adaptability here in Australia. The interview is intended to understand your needs and find ways of helping you to adjust to Australian eating habits.
Do you prefer to cook meals for yourself or buy from restaurants?How long did it take before you adapted to the foods offered in Australia?
Why do you think it took so long/or why so quick (as appropriate)?
What types of foods do the international students prefer than the others?
How the university did support you in understanding Australian food?
Do you think that the school administration ensures that the nutritional needs of international students are met?
In places where preferred foods are unavailable, what steps are taken to ensure that the students are provided with other meals?
Is there need to come up with a team that will be in charge of affairs of international students in Australia?
Finally, is there anything else you can tell me about how living in Australia has impacted your diet and eating that we haven’t talked about yet?
Ethics FormFlinders University
SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL RESEARCH ETHICS COMMITTEE Office Use Only
Project No.
APPLICATION FOR ETHICAL APPROVAL OF SOCIAL OR
BEHAVIOURAL RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTSIMPORTANT – refer to the ‘Application Submission Process’ and ‘Application Submission Guidelines’ documents available from SBREC Guidelines, Application Form and Templates web page before completion of the form.
New Ethics Application
Χ Response to Deferral Notice
Project Number Research Involving Children or Vulnerable Adults
If you are intending to conduct research involving children or vulnerable adults you are required to have undergone a Criminal History Check. A set of procedures has been agreed between the University and the Department for Communities and Social Inclusion (DCSI) Screening and Licensing Branch. For specific information about these procedures please refer to the Research Involving Children or Vulnerable Adults webpage and the Criminal History Check Procedures webpage.
Accordingly, Section H (Certification and Signatures) asks whether the research will involve children and vulnerable adults and if yes, asks for confirmation that a current Criminal History Check is in place.
A. PROJECT TITLE and TIMEFRAME
A1.Project Title
Foreign students dietary adjustments
A2.Plain language, or lay, title
How do foreign students adapt to changes in diet?
A3.Period for which approval is sought
Projects may not commence until formal written notification of final ethics approval has been provided.
Date data collection is due to commence: 06/05 /2013
Or following approval: Date data collection is expected to be completed: 06/05/2013
Date project is expected to be completed: 13th June 2013
B.RESEARCHER / SUPERVISOR INFORMATION
Correspondence regarding ethics approval will be emailed to the Principal Researcher with copies to all other researchers listed on the application unless otherwise indicated. Please note that is a requirement that all supervisors receive a copy of all correspondence relating to the project.
Principal Researcher (student or staff member)
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Χ Flinders Uni Student: Associate: Flinders Uni Student No.
(Principal researcher only) Degree enrolled in:(please do not use acronyms) Supervisor(s)
(also list as researcher below) Flinders Uni School/Department or Organisation: Postal Address: (students only) Phone: Principal Researcher Email: Researcher 2/Supervisor
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Flinders Uni Student: Associate / Other: Copies of correspondence required Yes No Flinders Uni School/Department Postal Address: Phone: Email:
Researcher 3/Supervisor
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Flinders Uni Student: Associate / Other: Copies of correspondence required Yes No Flinders Uni School/Departmentor External Organisation: Postal Address: Phone: Email:
Researcher 4/Supervisor
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Flinders Uni Student: Associate / Other: Copies of correspondence required Yes No Flinders Uni School/Departmentor External Organisation: Postal Address: Phone: Email: Researcher 5/Supervisor
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Flinders Uni Student: Associate / Other: Copies of correspondence required Yes No Flinders Uni School/Departmentor External Organisation: Postal Address: Phone: Email: Researcher 6/Supervisor
Title: First Name: Family Name:
Status: Staff: Flinders Uni Student: Associate / Other: Copies of correspondence required Yes No Flinders Uni School/Departmentor External Organisation: Postal Address: Phone: Email: NOTE – If there are more than six researchers/supervisors involved in the project
please copy and paste the researcher details boxes above.
ALL QUESTIONS SHOULD BE ANSWERED IN THE SPACES PROVIDED.
ATTACHMENTS IN LIEU OF RESPONSE (WITH NOTATIONS TO ‘SEE ATTACHED’) ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE.
C.PROJECT DETAILS
C1.Brief outline of:
Athe project:
The project is aimed at establishing how foreign students adapt to changed dietary offerings in the host countries and the support systems available to them.
Bsignificance:
Foreign students in Flinders University are not accorded a structured system for cultural and dietary change assistance. The study will seek to find if there exists need for such a structure.
Cresearch objective(s):
No. Research objective
Establish the factors that affect how students adapt to changes in dietary offerings
Establish how well the students adapt and the time it takes
Define the sources of information on cultural and dietary changes for foreign students and whether these sources are sufficient
*Note: tab across to add new rows for additional research objectives.
C2.Medical or Health Research involving the Privacy Act 1988
Is the research related to medical or health matters?
Yes X Place letter ‘X’ in the relevant box
No
If YES, to question (A) below; if NO, go to item C4.
AWill personal information be sought from the records of a Commonwealth Agency?
Yes No X
If YES, complete Part A of the Appendix ‘Privacy Legislation Matters’ that relates to compliance with the Guidelines under Section 95 of the Privacy Act 1988.
If NO, go to question (b) below.
BWill health information be sought from a Private Sector Organisation or a health service provider funded by the State Department of Health?
Yes No X
If YES, complete Part B of the Appendix ‘Privacy Legislation Matters’ that relates to compliance with the Guidelines under Section 95 of the Privacy Act 1988.
If you answered ‘NO’ to both (a) and (b) above go to item C4.
C3.Health Research Involving or Impacting Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander PeoplesDoes your project comprise of health research involving Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples?
Yes No X
IMPORTANT Proposals to conduct health-related research involving Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples or communities in South Australia must also be submitted to the Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia (AHCSA).
C4.Project Information and Data Type
Publication
Y or N
Publication Intend to publish results?
(e.g., article, book, thesis) N
Data Type
Is DATA to be obtained primarily Quantitative Qualitative Is information to be sought by Questionnaire Interview X If OTHER, please state:
Experiment Computer / Online Focus Group Secondary analysis of data Other Recording / Observation If YES, outline what will be recorded or observed below
Will participants be video, audio recorded, photographed or observed? Video Audio If YES, please place a letter ‘x’ in the relevant response box or boxes and outline what will be recorded or observed. Photographed Observed X
C5.Research MethodOutline of the research method, including what participants will be asked to do
WHO will be recruited?The Study will be carried out on Saudi Arabian students who are Training as Paramedics in Flinders University.
SOURCE of participantsThe study’s participants will be drawn from members of the Saudi Paramedics Association.
RESEARCH METHOD – participants will be asked to:
RECORDING – Audio / video recording / photographs
WHERE will each component of the research be conducted?
The Participants will be interviewed at a place of their convenience.
C6.Research ObjectivesBriefly describe how the information which will be requested from participants addresses the research objectives outlined in item C1(c)
The researcher will only seek to draw from the experience of the paramedics on issues related to stress and its causes.
D.PARTICIPANT INFORMATION
D1.Brief outline of:
AIdentity and Basis for RecruitmentWho will the participants be? What is the basis for their recruitment to the study? What component of the research will each participant group be involved in?
The research will only seek to recruit Saudi Paramedic students. The other desired qualification is that they should have worked for a substantial length of time as Paramedics.
Participant Type Basis for Recruitment Component of Research Involved In
(e.g, survey, interview, focus group, observations)
BParticipant Numbers Approached and Population PoolPlease specify the number of people that will be approached (or an approximation if the exact number is unknown) AND the size of the population pool from which participants will be drawn.
The study will only seek to examine four (4) respondents.
Participant Type / Group Population Pool Numbers to be approached Expected / Required No.
CSource of ParticipantsFrom what source will participants be recruited (e.g., public, department, organisation)?
The participants will be sourced from Flinders University.
Participant Type Source of Participants
DConflict of InterestPlease specify whether any of the researchers involved in the project have any role, or relation to, the source from which participants will be recruited (e.g., organisation). Please indicate whether there may be a potential for a conflict of interest that may exist (financial or other interest or affiliation).IF a possible conflict of interest may exist, please explain how this will be managed.
The researcher is also a student of Flinders University but no conflict of interest is expected.
Researcher(s) Name
(ALL Researchers) Possible conflict of interest? If YES, explain how this will be managed.
EParticipant AgeWill any participants be less than 18 years of age? IF YES, please indicate the age range or potential participants and confirm whether information has been presented in a manner and format appropriate to the age group of participants.
Yes No X
Please note: that 17 year old Flinders University students may participate in research without parental consent. Participants recruited outside of the University under the age of 18-years will require parental consent unless a compelling argument can be made to the Committee.
Age range of each participant type / group Information presented in a manner / format appropriate to age group and participants? Yes/No
FInformed ConsentDo participants have the ability to give informed consent? If YES, please explain how participants will indicate willingness to be involved (e.g., completion of questionnaire, return of consent form etc). If NOT, please explain why not. If participants will be aged under 18 indicate whether they will be given the opportunity to assent to research participation (e.g., sign parental consent form).
Participants will be able to give informed consent during the time they agree to a face to face interview.
D2.Cultural and/or Religious BackgroundIndicate whether the participant group will be comprised of people from a specific cultural or religious background (for example, Indigenous and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples, Greek people etc) OR if any such categories are likely to form a significant proportion of the population to be sampled.
The research is primarily on Saudi students.
D3.LanguageWill there be any issues with language? If YES, please explain what the issues are and whether information will need to presented in a language other than English.Please also indicate whether anyone other than the researcher will be involved in translation of participant responses. If YES, explain how anonymity and confidentiality matters will be managed.
Yes No X
If YES, (a) explain what the issues are and (b) whether information will need to be presented in a language other than English
Overtype response here
WHO will translate information and how will anonymity and confidentiality matters be managed if translation will be conducted by someone other than a researcher?
Overtype response here
D4.Participant Contact and Recruitment
AContact and RecruitmentPlease provide a detailed explanation of how potential participants will be contacted and recruited. For example, if making direct contact (e.g., face-to-face, in class, telephone) HOW will contact details be obtained and how will participants indicate their willingness to be involved in the project?
The researcher being a member of the Saudi paramedic association will use the association to contact potential participants.
BVerbal ScriptIf potential participants will be approached directly (e.g., face-to-face, in class, on telephone) please provide a verbal script of what will be said by researchers or a third party who will recruit on the researcher’s behalf.The Committee recognises that a verbal script cannot predict all the possible responses or questions from potential participants and does not expect that the researcher will read directly from it during interaction with participants as this would impede open and natural communication. The verbal script should be an explanation of the key points that will be communicated to participants during contact and recruitment so that the Committee can be confident that participants will receive a complete picture of what the research entails to ensure that informed consent can be given
‘I am interested in conducting a survey on the causes and effects of stress among paramedics. It is desired that the respondents for this survey be Saudi Paramedic students who have previous working experience. I am proud to inform you that you fit the specifications of the study and if it were possible, I would like to arrange a face to face interview with you so we can go through the issues and I be able to get your views on the issus”
CEmail TextIf potential participants will be approached via email, provide the text that will be emailed. If participants will be contacted via email please provide the text that will be used in the email sent to potential participants to ensure that informed consent can be given.Important – email text for student projects should be written by the supervisor to act as a Letter of Introduction for the student.
Nat Applicable
D5.Information given to participantsWhat information will be given to participants? For example, the letter of introduction, information sheet, consent form, survey, debriefing or feedback information. Please clearly outline when this information will be provided to potential participants. Please note that letters of introduction, information sheets and consent forms must be provided before a decision is made on whether or not to participate.
What information will be given to participants and/or recruiting organisations? When will information be given?
D6.Direct Recruitment ApproachesDoes recruitment involve a direct personal approach to potential participants (e.g., face-to-face, classroom, telephone) by the researchers or by other parties/organisations to be involved in contact and recruitment?
Yes No If YES, please (1) justify why a direct recruitment approach is required and (2) explain how the researchers will address any real, or perceived, coercion felt by potential participants?
Overtype response here.
D7.Confidentiality and AnonymityIndicate any confidentiality and anonymity assurances to be given to potential participants and explain the procedures for obtaining free and informed consent of participants.Please note that where the sample size is very small, it may be impossible to guarantee participant anonymity and confidentiality. Participants involves in such projects should be clearly advised of this limitation in the Information Sheet.
Please answer the following questions: Y or N Will participation be anonymous? ImportantIf answered ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ to any questions, please ensure that potential participants are advised accordingly in the Information Sheet to ensure informed consent can be obtained.
Will participation be confidential? IF a lecturer / topic coordinator be involved in participant recruitment will they know who has participated? Overtype more detailed response to item D7 here
D8.PermissionsIndicate any permissions that may need to be sought to conduct the research, recruit specific people, access existing data sets or post advertising material and attach correspondence requesting permission AND granting permission. If this correspondence is not yet available please respond that a copy will be submitted to SBREC on receipt. For example, permission may need to be sought from parents or guardians, teachers, school principals, DECD, Head of School, organisational Head to recruit employees, Head of a University department or school, data custodians, community organisations etc).
Please note that permissions should be sought, in the first instance, from the Chief Officer or Head of the peak organisation or governing body unless adequate justification can be provided that contextual circumstances require a different approach.
Please note for class projects where permission letters are required to conduct the research, permission letters will need to be provided for every student.
Permission will be sought from: Permission request attached? Correspondence granting permission attached?
D9.Incidental PeopleIndicate whether anyone may be incidentally involved in the research (e.g., members of the public, colleagues, family members, children etc). In certain professional studies consideration may need to be given how such people will be informed about the research and how consent may be obtained for their incidental involvement. An oral statement given to a person / group incidentally involved prior to the commencement of the research may be sufficient.
Overtype response here.
D10.Time CommitmentIndicate the expected time commitment(s) by participants AND the proposed location(s) for every component of the research (e.g., survey, interview, focus group, observation). This information should be clearly conveyed to potential participants in the Letter of Introduction and/or Information Sheet.
Component of Research
(e.g., questionnaire, interview) Expected Time Commitment Proposed Location
E.RESEARCH CONDUCTED OVERSEAS
E1.Recruitment of Overseas ParticipantsWill any participants be recruited from overseas or will the research be conducted outside of Australia? Please note that regardless of the physical location of the researcher, if participants recruited will be located overseas the NHMRC considers it to be ‘overseas’ research.
Yes No If YES, please ensure you are familiar with the University’s Policy on Travel, Accommodation and Subsistence available from http://www.flinders.edu.au/ppmanual/policySecretariat/travel.html which states that all travel is prohibited to Level 5 regions (see section 7). Please be reminded that all travel to level 4 areas requires approval from the person responsible for authorising travel in your area and the Cost Centre Head.
If ‘YES’, go to item E2. If ‘NO’ go to section F.
E2.Identity of Overseas CountryIf research participants will be recruited from overseas indicate from which country or countries they will be recruited from.
Overtype response here.
E3.Overseas Ethics Approval ProcessesIndicate whether there any ethics approval processes, relevant to the research, in the country (or countries) where research will be conducted.
Yes No If ‘NO’ go to item E4.
If ‘YES’, indicate whether the ethics approval processes are mandatory.
Yes No Give a brief explanation of how the ethics approval process functions and the values and principles on which they rely.
Overtype response here.
E4.Student SupervisionIf the researcher is a student, explain how their academic supervision will be maintained while they are in the field, with particular reference to the wellbeing of both the applicant and research participants.
Overtype response here.
E5.Overseas Co-researchersWill co-researchers be recruited in the country, or countries in which the research will be conducted?
Yes No If ‘YES’ continue with item E5. If ‘NO’ go to section F.
If YES, how will their expertise and capacity to conduct the component of the research they will be involved in be determined?
Overtype response here.
No. Co-researcher full name and title Role in research
F.SPECIFIC ETHICAL MATTERS
F1.Project Value and BenefitsOutline the value and benefits of the project to the participants, the discipline, the community etc.
Overtype response here.
F2.Burdens and/or RisksNotwithstanding the value and benefits of the project (listed above), outline any possible burdens and/or risks of the project for research participants, researchers and incidental people.
If illegal activities may be disclosed by participants during the course of the research please explain how this will be managed and clarify whether the researcher is a mandated reporter. Please note that even if a researcher is not a mandated reporter that researchers could be held criminally liable if they fail to disclose information to authorities relating to serious indictable offences (e.g., murder, rape child abuse) under S241 of the Criminal Law Consolidation Act of South Australia.
Overtype response here.
F3.Management of Burdens and/or RisksIF any issues were raised in item F2 (above), explain how the researcher will respond to each identified burden and/or risk. IMPORTANT
If there is any possibility that research participation may cause some participants to experience emotional discomfort (e.g., anxiety, distress, embarrassment) the Committee recommends that contact details of free support services (e.g., counselling, Life Line) are included in the Information Sheet to be provided to respondents prior to a decision being made about whether or not to participate.
If the researcher(s) are mandated reporters or it is possible that illegal activities could be uncovered or disclosed, participants should be advised in the Information Sheet that although information will be treated with the strictest confidence by the researcher, that disclosure of information either must be reported to relevant authorities or cannot be safe from legal search and seizure.
Overtype response here.
F4.ConcealmentWill the true purpose of the research be concealed from participants?
Yes No X
If YES, outline the rationale for, and provide details of, the concealment.
Overtype response here.
F5.Feedback and/or DebriefingDescribe any feedback or debriefing to be provided to participants that may be relevant to the research, including how participants will be informed of any deliberate deception or concealment. Please provide copies of any information to be provided to participants.
Overtype response here.
F6.QuestionnairesIf participants will be required to complete a questionnaire indicate what the arrangements will be for the secure and confidential return of questionnaires to the researcher (e.g., sealable self-addressed envelope, collection by researcher or someone other than researcher, secure collection box etc).Please also indicate how participants will be informed of the arrangement (e.g., verbal instruction, information sheet, information listed at end of questionnaire etc).
WHO will distribute the questionnaire / survey to participants?
HOW will participants return completed questionnaires / surveys?
WHO will collect completed questionnaires / surveys?
HOW will participants be informed of the arrangements?
F7.Participant Reimbursement
Is it the intention of the researcher to reimburse participants? Refer to the Application Submission Guidelines available from the SBREC Guidelines, Application Form and Templates web page for guidelines on participant reimbursement.
Yes No X
If YES, how much or what will participants be given as a reimbursement? Please also provide a justification for the amount or item provided as reimbursement.
Overtype response here.
F8.Data Transcription
Indicate whether data may need to be transcribed. If YES, please indicate who will transcribe the data (e.g, researcher(s), secretarial assistance, professional transcription company). If anyone other than the researcher(s) will transcribe data, confirm whether they will be asked to sign a confidentiality agreement, a template for which is available from the SBREC Guidelines, Application Form and Templates web page.
No
F9.Participant Control of Data
Indicate what control participants will have in the immediate reporting and future use of data collected for the purposes of the research. Will participants have the ability to view individual transcripts (if relevant) and/or the final report for comment and/or amendment prior to publication? If YES, explain how participants will be given this access and/or opportunity in the Information Sheet.
No
F10.DATA STORAGE AND RETENTION
Note that the data should be retained in accordance with the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research and Flinders University policy.
F10(a)Data Transmission ProtocolsDuring the research project:
What protocols will be used for the secure transmission of data (if required) to e.g., transcribers, interpreters or other members of research team? If transcription or interpreter services will be used will the data received be deleted by transcribers / interpreters on completion of services? F10(b)Data TypeOn completion of the project, data will be stored:
In writing X On Flinders University computer server On audio tape/CD On video tape/DVD Other (please indicate):
Please note that audio tapes should be retained as they may be required for the verification of results and/or secondary data analysis unless written transcriptions have been reviewed and agreed to be participants.
F10(c)Data De-identificationWill data be stored in a de-identified form?
Yes X
No If YES, please confirm whether this means: ‘X’
that the data cannot in any way be linked to an individual or organisation (non-identifiable data); OR X
that the data has had all identifying information removed but the means still exists to re-identify an individual and/or organisation (re-identifiable data). If NO, explain how any relevant anonymity and confidentiality standards will be met for data storage.
Overtype response here.
F10(d)Data Storage LocationClarify where the data will be stored securely. Wherever possible, research data should be held in the researcher’s department or other appropriate institutional repository, however researchers are permitted to hold copies of research data for their own use, and for data to be stored in locations other than Flinders University.If data will not be stored at Flinders University, explain why and indicate where and how long it will be stored for in accordance with the retention periods listed below (see Australian Code for Responsible Conduct of Research, paragraph 2.1, 2.2.2 and 2.2.3).
Overtype response here.
F10(e)Data Retention PeriodData will be stored securely at location listed above for:
X At least 12-months after the completion of the project if the research project is for assessment purposes only, such as class research projects completed by all students.
Note: Applies to research projects which include a whole topic list of students on one application, not for projects that include one or a few student researchers.
At least five years from the date of publication
At least seven years if the research involves a South Australian Government Department from the date of publication
Permanently if data relates to work that has a community or heritage value, preferably within a national collection
G.OTHER MATTERS
G1.Other Ethics CommitteesIndicate any other centres involved in this research AND/OR any other Ethics Committee(s) being approached for approval of this project including the approval status of each. If copies of approvals cannot be provided at the time of application submission please confirm that copies of all approvals will be submitted to the Committee on receipt.IMPORTANT
Please note that Flinders University and the Southern Adelaide Local Health Network (SALHN) have agreed that ethics approvals granted by an SA Health Human Research Ethics Committee will be accepted by Flinders University without further scrutiny. If this applies to your project please refer to the SBREC multi-site research web page for further information.
Other Centres and Ethics Committees to be approached for approval? Ethics Approval Attached?
Please note that if other Ethics Committees