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Alienated
Karl Marx on Alienated Labor and on Money Chapter 12 Course Reader
What does Marx mean by his use of the term “alienation of labor,” or “alienated labor?”
In what ways does he say the human world is devalued when labor is alienated?
What are some of the different forms of the alienation of labor?
What is Marx’s critique of money? What great authors does he cite, and what points do they make?
David Korten, Money vs. Wealth (Chapter 13A in the Reader)
In his section on “Money pathology” Korten distinguishes between the economy of production and the economy of finance. What is each and how does it operate? Give examples of each. Where are the largest profits found?
Name the five different forms of capital discussed by Korten(third and fourth pages of the article). Discuss the concept of social capital. – what is it and why is it important?
Who is Charles Hurwitz, and what happened to the Pacific Lumber Corporation when he took it over?
How many of the 100 largest economies of the world were corporations at the time of Korten’s writing? (1997)
What are Korten’s suggestions for healing the money system?
How many billionaires were there at the time of Korten’s writing in 1997?
Chapter 13 B. David Korten, When Corporations Rule the World, Rise of Corporate Power
What were the Navigation Acts, and how did they affect the American colonists in the New World? (p. 55)
2. What was Adam Smith’s famous book, and what was his attitude toward corporations? (p. 56)
3. Does the U.S. Constitution mention corporations? Why or why not? pp. (56-57)
4. Who had the power to issue corporate charters in the early years after Independence from
5. What kinds of limits were set on corporate charters? (pp. 56-57)
6. What is the significance of Dodge vs. Woolsey in 1855? (p. 57)
7. How did the Civil War mark a crucial turning point in the relationship between corporations and society? (from p. 80)
8. What do you make of the quote from President Lincoln? ( on p. 58, you will see a more extensive version of the same quote on the folder page for Unit Five)
9. What happened in 1886 that was “a stunning victory for the proponents of corporate sovereignty”? (p. 59) This is very important: the doctrine of corporate personhood that found its deepest and most harmful manifestion in the Citizens United Supreme Court decision of 2010, which equates money with free speech, and enables unlimited political contributions from both individuals and corporations because “they are free speech.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_United_v._FECChapter 15, Vandana Shiva, Biting the Hand that Feeds
20. Describe Vandana Shiva’s views on what is an “open” vs. a “closed” economy? On what basis did she disagree with Mike Moore, former director of the WTO? (p. 6)
21. Describe the water crisis that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia when a subsidiary of Bechtel Corporation attempted to privatize the water supply in 2000. What was the outcome of this crisis? (p. 9)
22. What are Vandana Shiva’s positions on GMO’s?
23. What are her views about the exploitation of women in “masculinized agriculture.”
24. What forms of resistance does she discuss and participate in? What is the name of the movement she founded in India?
Chapter 16 A., James C. Kennedy on “The Dark Age of Money”
25. Who is Milton Friedman? (p. 1)
26. What, according to James Kennedy, is “the foundation of Friedman’s principle”? (p. 1)
27. How is this different from Adam Smith’s model of capitalism? (pp. 1-2)
28. How did Friedman’s ideology “survive and eventually take over the State”? (p. 7)
Hairy Cell Leukemia, Project
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Hairy Cell Leukemia, Project
The project is on Hairy Cell Leukemia and its goal is to find out how the condition occurs as well as its treatment. The condition is rare and occurs in about 2% of all the people with leukemia (Burthem & Cawley, 107). The hairy cell leukemia- variant is commonly found in populations within Europe, America and Japan. The methods used to put together this information for the project are case studies through online books, journals and medical websites. These materials have provided further insight about hairy cell leukemia as well as its manifestation in patients having that condition. The project has also been carried out at the student’s clinical site in trying to verify if a patient is suffering from this variant of leukemia. In summary, the project will provide more information about the condition as well as the diagnostic procedures and available treatment of hairy cell leukemia.
Hairy Cell Leukemia is a condition characterized by the appearance of abnormal B lymphocytes. Generally, hairy cell leukemia is a very uncommon hematological malignancy which is a sub- type of the chronic type of leukemia (McClatchey, 993). According to Freireich & Kantarjian, (31), the Chronic lymphocytic leukemia which hairy cell leukemia comes from is a more aggressive variant of the disease and is difficult to treat unlike hairy cell leukemia. The hairy cell leukemia symptoms manifest through higher white blood cell counts. Moreover, the bone marrow hairy cells lack the proper amount of fibronectin which is produced by the white blood cells. Hairy cell leukemia is also seen to present when the malignant B lymphocytes accumulate in the bone marrow (Faderl & Kantarjian, 345). These ‘hairy cells’ interfere with the normal production of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Hairy cell leukemia is diagnosed through routine blood counts whereby one type of blood cells show low or higher numbers more than other blood cells (Handin, Lux & Stossel, 819). The cause of hairy cell leukemia is still unknown.
Hairy cell leukemia is treatable in several ways. At times, not every patient needs treatment because the levels of red blood cells or white blood cells are at manageable levels. When the levels are too low, treatment may be given in form of drugs and therapy for some cases. There is a single drug treatment which is administered to a patient at a time. In other occasions, there is a combination therapy of drugs where a patient is given two or more drugs a time. In other cases a patient is given therapy in two phases, namely; chemotherapy and immunotherapy. These are given if the condition is severe. The other treatment option is a bone-marrow transplant which is the most effective treatment (Freireich & Kantarjian, 83). However, the procedure presents inherent risks, hence is shunned and not recommended for many patients.
The testing of hairy cell leukemia is done at the clinical site using a blood machine whereby a blood sample is taken from a person and tested under a machine to check the blood cell count to know whether the person has leukemia. More tests are also carried out to verify the condition. Hairy cell leukemia also needs follow up after treatment so as to monitor how the blood cell count is progressing. Hairy cell leukemia is uncommon and manifest in a very small percentage of the population. Moreover, the condition is manageable and treatment has been reported to be successful. Sometimes the condition is fatal but in few patients.
Works Cited
Burthem, John & Cawley John. Hairy Cell Leukemia, New York: Springer publishers. 1996. Print.
Faderl, Stefan & Kantarjian, Hagop. Leukemias: Principles and Practice of Therapy, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Publishers. 2011. Print.
Freireich, Emil & Kantarjian, Hagop. Leukemia: Advances in Research and Treatment, New York: Springer publishers. 1993. Print.
Handin, Robert, Lux, Samuel & Stossel, Thomas. Blood: Principles and Practice of Hematology, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2003. Print.
McClatchey, Kenneth. Clinical laboratory medicine (electronic resource), Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2002. Print.
Alien Influence in Ancient Past
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Alien Influence in Ancient Past
People believe that the aliens were present in the ancient past and that they significantly contributed to the architectural designs of ancient structures. Various arguments have been set forth claiming that aliens must have had a hand in the ancient days helping the people by then. The Sacsayhuaman is an ancient t fortress that is build up with enormous stones that no normal human being can ever lift. The rocks are large and are piled up to make a colossal structure. No average human being can be able to raise one of the stones even if they join to make a considerable effort and therefore, aliens have been attributed to having a hand. The Nasca lines is another evidence that the aliens had influence in the ancient past. More than 800 long straight lines are drawn in the Peruvian desert, joined with 300 geometric shapes and 70 figures of animals that include a spider, monkey and a hummingbird. No human could have drawn such lines, and therefore aliens have the upper hand.
The Egyptian pyramids is another example that has triggered arguments of alien influence in their construction. The pyramids are tall and build of massive stones that a normal human being cannot lift. Aliens are said to have aided in the construction of the pyramids as the stones are too heavy to be raised by a human being leave alone arranging them to form a pyramid. Easter Islands is another evidence that makes an argument that the aliens had influence in the making of the large fleet of stone figures. More than 900 figures are distributed along the island being 13 feet tall and weighing more than 14 tons and to which appear to have been curved from a soft volcanic tuff. According to the size and weight of the figures, the then human beings could not make such sculptures, and therefore aliens might have given a hand. Of all the structures that are said to have been influenced by the aliens, a common characteristic is that they are huge, of massive weight, much taller and used natural materials to build and make the sculptures.
Work Cited
Coppens, Philip. The Ancient Alien Question: A New Inquiry Into the Existence, Evidence, and Influence of Ancient Visitors. Red Wheel/Weiser, 2011.